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"value": "<p>La nouvelle version d'IDEA StatiCa est disponible ! Nous apportons une nouvelle série de fonctionnalités et d'améliorations pour optimiser la conception de vos projets en béton. Quelle que soit la complexité de votre projet en béton, IDEA StatiCa offre :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Des vérifications normatives complètes</li>\n <li>Des types d'analyses avancées</li>\n <li>Une topologie illimitée des sections transversales et des dispositions de ferraillage</li>\n <li>Tous les détails 2D en béton</li>\n <li>Des rapports qui permettent de mener le projet à terme</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Nos utilisateurs réalisent actuellement ces tâches via des applications distinctes - Detail, RCS et Beam. Nous sommes ravis de vous présenter une toute nouvelle application dans IDEA StatiCa Concrete - <strong>Member</strong>. Elle unifiera toutes les conceptions et vérifications normatives de tous les éléments en béton armé en un seul endroit, intégrée dans votre logiciel EF. Member sera disponible en version BÊTA pour tous les utilisateurs disposant d'une licence béton d'IDEA StatiCa.</p>\n<p>En plus de cette toute nouvelle application, vous trouverez des améliorations dans nos moteurs de vérification normative :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Zones partiellement chargées</li>\n <li>Vérification à la fatigue</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Par ailleurs, nous avons préparé quelques améliorations concernant la <strong>gestion des licences IDEA StatiCa</strong> pour vous permettre une gestion flexible et confortable de vos licences. </p>\n<p>Nous espérons que vous apprécierez toutes nos nouvelles fonctionnalités et améliorations et serions ravis de recevoir vos commentaires à tout moment. </p>\n<p>Calculez les estimations d'hier !</p>"
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"value": "<p>La version 20.1 introduit une nouvelle application pour le calcul du béton - Concrete Member BETA. Modélisez, ferraillez et effectuez la vérification normative d'un élément en béton critique en quelques minutes. </p>\n<h2>Géométrie</h2>\n<p>Grâce à notre nouvelle application, l'utilisateur peut facilement concevoir et évaluer des structures en béton armé spatiales composées d'éléments 1-D, de <strong>poutres</strong> et de <strong>poteaux</strong>. À l'avenir, il sera possible d'analyser des éléments structurels 3-D de toute topologie.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d1af910f-dd63-4e10-a160-680ff55b49a6\" data-image-id=\"d1af910f-dd63-4e10-a160-680ff55b49a6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c0124ac5-cca4-4c47-a02d-376dd381631a/Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"d1af910f-dd63-4e10-a160-680ff55b49a6\" data-image-id=\"d1af910f-dd63-4e10-a160-680ff55b49a6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Chargement</h2>\n<p>La charge peut être appliquée dans la direction de n'importe quel axe d'élément via la charge linéaire. Les extrémités des éléments concernés peuvent être soumises à des forces ponctuelles (et des moments) représentant les forces nodales obtenues à partir de l'analyse globale.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b9f3b0d7-f70c-444e-a7d0-15beb1cca1cc\" data-image-id=\"b9f3b0d7-f70c-444e-a7d0-15beb1cca1cc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b7dd3740-550b-4ac9-b959-204d964e5125/loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"b9f3b0d7-f70c-444e-a7d0-15beb1cca1cc\" data-image-id=\"b9f3b0d7-f70c-444e-a7d0-15beb1cca1cc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Ferraillage</h2>\n<p>À l'aide de notre boîte de dialogue bien connue, l'utilisateur peut concevoir le ferraillage longitudinal et les étriers dans chaque élément. Les modèles prédéfinis peuvent accélérer l'ensemble du processus de conception du ferraillage. Chaque groupe de ferraillage longitudinal, ainsi que les étriers, peuvent être facilement modifiés dans la fenêtre Propriétés. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"efb2f9f7-ed60-4132-b0f6-3ae453d5f6eb\" data-image-id=\"efb2f9f7-ed60-4132-b0f6-3ae453d5f6eb\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/050aeadb-b26a-493f-b420-d4e379e08a4c/Reinforcement%20editor.png\" data-asset-id=\"efb2f9f7-ed60-4132-b0f6-3ae453d5f6eb\" data-image-id=\"efb2f9f7-ed60-4132-b0f6-3ae453d5f6eb\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Vous pouvez définir plusieurs zones de ferraillage sur la longueur de l'élément et créer une disposition de ferraillage complexe incluant <strong>différents espacements des étriers</strong> et <strong>des longueurs de barres de ferraillage longitudinales</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5f1641eb-3368-44c5-8c6b-d169a502e69a\" data-image-id=\"5f1641eb-3368-44c5-8c6b-d169a502e69a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/da0294c2-e1c9-49f1-93cb-efc1c6a249af/reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"5f1641eb-3368-44c5-8c6b-d169a502e69a\" data-image-id=\"5f1641eb-3368-44c5-8c6b-d169a502e69a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Analyse </h2>\n<p>Plusieurs types d'analyse différents seront disponibles pour un même modèle structurel. Actuellement, seule l'<strong>analyse linéaire</strong> peut être effectuée, mais d'autres types d'analyse seront implémentés dans les versions suivantes. </p>\n<p>Quatre types d'analyses seront disponibles pour analyser les éléments en béton. Actuellement, une <strong>analyse linéaire</strong> peut être exécutée dans Concrete Member Beta, les trois autres types d'analyses sont en cours de développement ou en phase de finalisation. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"ef02ea2f-eb2c-407c-8792-3389c290973a\" data-image-id=\"ef02ea2f-eb2c-407c-8792-3389c290973a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/8d0fb810-fec0-4e46-bcdf-d1717695093c/analysis.png\" data-asset-id=\"ef02ea2f-eb2c-407c-8792-3389c290973a\" data-image-id=\"ef02ea2f-eb2c-407c-8792-3389c290973a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<ul>\n <li>Analyse linéaire (LA) : implémentée dans Concrete Member Beta</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b4dcc2b5-67ee-4eea-af28-d6ae214ff1c7\" data-image-id=\"b4dcc2b5-67ee-4eea-af28-d6ae214ff1c7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d312cd32-5d17-47c9-8ca2-9a7ace46a38b/linear%20analysis.png\" data-asset-id=\"b4dcc2b5-67ee-4eea-af28-d6ae214ff1c7\" data-image-id=\"b4dcc2b5-67ee-4eea-af28-d6ae214ff1c7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<ul>\n <li>Analyse non linéaire géométrique et matérielle, incluant l'analyse thermique (GMNA) : en cours de développement</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1df6bc15-e233-4ff9-8381-65342c2eb4c6\" data-image-id=\"1df6bc15-e233-4ff9-8381-65342c2eb4c6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/69989318-5ed5-4f91-9ce5-a535f0e94857/GMNA.png\" data-asset-id=\"1df6bc15-e233-4ff9-8381-65342c2eb4c6\" data-image-id=\"1df6bc15-e233-4ff9-8381-65342c2eb4c6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<ul>\n <li>Méthode du Champ de Contraintes Compatible 2D (CSFM 2D) : développée/en amélioration (CSFM est disponible dans IDEA StatiCa Detail)</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"bce6d4bc-f477-4a5c-a494-9a11b23430aa\" data-image-id=\"bce6d4bc-f477-4a5c-a494-9a11b23430aa\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/fafdfe0b-ef04-4243-9ee9-b0fba3f4f4a5/CSFM2D.png\" data-asset-id=\"bce6d4bc-f477-4a5c-a494-9a11b23430aa\" data-image-id=\"bce6d4bc-f477-4a5c-a494-9a11b23430aa\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<ul>\n <li>Méthode du Champ de Contraintes Compatible 3D (CSFM 3D) : en cours de développement</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"719adb70-3ab9-4e1d-9943-af558f4cf2e4\" data-image-id=\"719adb70-3ab9-4e1d-9943-af558f4cf2e4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/fb1739f5-67b0-44d8-ad91-35bb500dc05e/CSFM3D.png\" data-asset-id=\"719adb70-3ab9-4e1d-9943-af558f4cf2e4\" data-image-id=\"719adb70-3ab9-4e1d-9943-af558f4cf2e4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<h2>Vérification de section </h2>\n<p>Après l'analyse linéaire, l'utilisateur peut effectuer une vérification détaillée de section à l'aide de l'application RCS, qui sélectionne automatiquement les sections les plus sollicitées sur les éléments analysés et les vérifie.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2bebe845-288a-45c4-ae7d-3cdd7938f72a\" data-image-id=\"2bebe845-288a-45c4-ae7d-3cdd7938f72a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/dbb35596-824d-42bc-9b77-7dcd0e4af5bf/section%20check.png\" data-asset-id=\"2bebe845-288a-45c4-ae7d-3cdd7938f72a\" data-image-id=\"2bebe845-288a-45c4-ae7d-3cdd7938f72a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Disponible dans les éditions <strong>Expert </strong>et <strong>Enhanced </strong>.</p>"
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"value": "<h2>Voile</h2>\n<p>Le voile est l'entité la plus générale pouvant être définie dans votre modèle. Il existe différents cas pour lesquels vous pouvez utiliser ce détail. Il est maintenant temps d'expliquer comment. </p>\n<p>Commençons par la forme de l'élément. La forme du voile peut être définie comme suit :</p>\n<ul>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Rectangulaire</strong> </li>\n </ul>\n</ul>\n<p>Avec cette option, il vous suffit de définir la largeur, la hauteur, l'épaisseur de l'élément et, si nécessaire, le décalage dans la direction X par rapport au coin supérieur gauche et droit.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b151040d-4d6d-4e20-a297-670e3af4cd71\" data-image-id=\"b151040d-4d6d-4e20-a297-670e3af4cd71\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/ac646772-fed5-4840-b262-a991fa509a69/QRC-D_03%20Wall_shape_rectangular.png\" data-asset-id=\"b151040d-4d6d-4e20-a297-670e3af4cd71\" data-image-id=\"b151040d-4d6d-4e20-a297-670e3af4cd71\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Polygone</strong></li>\n </ul>\n</ul>\n<p>Si vous avez besoin d'une topologie plus complexe, la forme Polygone est la solution. La géométrie peut être définie en cliquant sur le bouton Modifier la forme dans la fenêtre de données, puis dans l'assistant en utilisant des coordonnées dans les directions X et Z par rapport au système de coordonnées global. Vous pouvez ajouter de nouvelles lignes ou supprimer les lignes existantes en faisant un clic droit dans le tableau des coordonnées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9a09f87a-31c4-4c32-a44d-2b30d868869d\" data-image-id=\"9a09f87a-31c4-4c32-a44d-2b30d868869d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e0275f69-8357-43ba-9450-059d706dff03/QRC-D_03%20Wall_shape_polygon.png\" data-asset-id=\"9a09f87a-31c4-4c32-a44d-2b30d868869d\" data-image-id=\"9a09f87a-31c4-4c32-a44d-2b30d868869d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Importer DXF</strong> </li>\n </ul>\n</ul>\n<p>En cas de forme complexe de la structure ou de plans déjà finalisés, vous pouvez utiliser la fonctionnalité d'importation depuis un fichier DXF pour définir rapidement la géométrie. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d33c995d-190c-43f5-9dfb-589a025b24b7\" data-image-id=\"d33c995d-190c-43f5-9dfb-589a025b24b7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bbd926e9-959c-4818-b415-41974097b044/QRC-D_03%20Wall_shape_DXF1.png\" data-asset-id=\"d33c995d-190c-43f5-9dfb-589a025b24b7\" data-image-id=\"d33c995d-190c-43f5-9dfb-589a025b24b7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Cliquez simplement sur le bouton Importer DXF, sélectionnez le fichier depuis votre stockage, et commencez à sélectionner le contour de la structure. Cela peut être fait en choisissant les lignes individuellement dans la fenêtre graphique principale, ou en sélectionnant une seule ligne puis en cliquant sur le bouton Consécutif dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b6fe80b6-3a1d-434b-a35e-4635c8362f1c\" data-image-id=\"b6fe80b6-3a1d-434b-a35e-4635c8362f1c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1b2da944-b95d-4d91-8505-211030166867/QRC-D_03%20Wall_shape_DXF2.png\" data-asset-id=\"b6fe80b6-3a1d-434b-a35e-4635c8362f1c\" data-image-id=\"b6fe80b6-3a1d-434b-a35e-4635c8362f1c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Dans l'assistant, vous pouvez exploiter tout le potentiel des fonctionnalités du ruban supérieur - il est possible de changer les unités, de distinguer trois plans - XY, XZ et YZ dans lesquels le dessin est réalisé, de définir une tolérance et une discrétisation des lignes courbes, les numéros d'entités, et d'ajouter des ouvertures directement. De plus, en cas d'erreur, vous pouvez annuler les étapes et effacer la sélection.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"bc162bb5-9685-4cba-b26b-60417fccf05b\" data-image-id=\"bc162bb5-9685-4cba-b26b-60417fccf05b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7282d9d1-51b6-4bb6-b73c-82c5aef23010/QRC-D_03%20Wall_shape_DXF3.png\" data-asset-id=\"bc162bb5-9685-4cba-b26b-60417fccf05b\" data-image-id=\"bc162bb5-9685-4cba-b26b-60417fccf05b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>De plus, vous pouvez même importer la géométrie avec le ferraillage !</p>\n<p>Récapitulons maintenant les informations les plus importantes à connaître pour une définition correcte de l'élément voile.</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Tous les types d'<a data-item-id=\"5a121972-f384-4f14-8788-9da298e1aae1\" href=\"\"><strong>appuis</strong></a> et de <strong>dispositifs de transfert</strong> peuvent être utilisés pour ce type de géométrie.</li>\n <li>Il n'est pas possible d'ajouter une <a data-item-id=\"aa1a5fc8-a069-4196-9c2e-cde472068193\" href=\"\"><strong>extrémité réduite</strong></a> au voile, la structure doit être définie dans son ensemble. </li>\n <li>Tous les types d'<strong>ouvertures</strong> peuvent être appliqués.</li>\n <li>Enfin, l'entité voile doit avoir une <strong>épaisseur</strong> constante.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>L'ensemble du modèle peut être composé de plusieurs éléments distincts. Le logiciel les connectera automatiquement. Le joint entre les voiles doit être exempt de jeux. De plus, il est possible de définir des épaisseurs différentes pour chaque élément voile utilisé dans le projet. Voir l'exemple dans l'image ci-dessous.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"025d3df2-ffe0-4c71-9bde-f5837421ae1a\" data-image-id=\"025d3df2-ffe0-4c71-9bde-f5837421ae1a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3ce7dc88-9f5e-4dfe-b64d-11dc718b63d7/RC-D_03_01.png\" data-asset-id=\"025d3df2-ffe0-4c71-9bde-f5837421ae1a\" data-image-id=\"025d3df2-ffe0-4c71-9bde-f5837421ae1a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Beam</h2>\n<p>Cet élément peut être utilisé pour différents types de poutres. C'est à vous de décider si vous souhaitez modéliser et analyser la poutre entière ou si vous souhaitez vous concentrer sur une zone spécifique - la région de discontinuité en utilisant l'option d'extrémité réduite.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9bd9525d-f0b9-477c-97b6-b7d1ab6365a3\" data-image-id=\"9bd9525d-f0b9-477c-97b6-b7d1ab6365a3\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/87a7e44f-524e-4533-b313-482d7ac74b91/QRC-D_03%20Beam_whole%20beam.png\" data-asset-id=\"9bd9525d-f0b9-477c-97b6-b7d1ab6365a3\" data-image-id=\"9bd9525d-f0b9-477c-97b6-b7d1ab6365a3\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple d'une poutre en berceau complète avec ouvertures</em></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Supposons que vous ayez déjà conçu et vérifié le ferraillage dans les régions B, et que vous souhaitiez vous concentrer uniquement sur les régions de discontinuité de la poutre, sans passer de temps supplémentaire à modéliser la poutre entière. Aucun problème ! Dans ce cas, il est recommandé de modéliser la poutre avec extrémité réduite.</p>\n<p>La poutre peut être réduite à :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Son début</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Sa fin</strong></li>\n <li>Ou <strong>les deux</strong> simultanément</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"99f9f30d-cc57-4dea-981c-f8d76092acbc\" data-image-id=\"99f9f30d-cc57-4dea-981c-f8d76092acbc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3e601d9e-4dd4-4bfb-aa41-0f8aff99588e/QRC-D_03%20Beam_trimmed%20end.png\" data-asset-id=\"99f9f30d-cc57-4dea-981c-f8d76092acbc\" data-image-id=\"99f9f30d-cc57-4dea-981c-f8d76092acbc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple d'une poutre avec extrémité réduite</em></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Lors de la modélisation d'une poutre, vous pouvez sélectionner l'une des <a data-item-id=\"5cff133b-460c-4bf2-94c2-3957a7b88e47\" href=\"\">sections transversales</a> prédéfinies dans la bibliothèque.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"55bb8184-6fc9-4567-81af-fca818c4f5b7\" data-image-id=\"55bb8184-6fc9-4567-81af-fca818c4f5b7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/98d2b093-7fb0-45e5-853e-2acc3873864b/QRC-D_03%20Beam_cross-sections.png\" data-asset-id=\"55bb8184-6fc9-4567-81af-fca818c4f5b7\" data-image-id=\"55bb8184-6fc9-4567-81af-fca818c4f5b7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La poutre est définie comme un élément 2D. La section transversale de la poutre est utilisée uniquement pour définir les épaisseurs appropriées. </p>\n<p>Récapitulons les informations pour les éléments poutre :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Tous les types d'<a data-item-id=\"50ed723b-9b87-4870-a69f-e05b5a8a8150\" href=\"\"><strong>appuis</strong></a> et de <strong>dispositifs de transfert</strong> peuvent être utilisés pour ce type de géométrie.</li>\n <li>La poutre peut être <a data-item-id=\"7e9198c1-d161-5c59-9e9b-aed2c2a00408\" href=\"\"><strong>réduite</strong></a><strong> </strong>au début, à la fin, ou aux deux extrémités simultanément. </li>\n <li>Tous les types d'<strong>ouvertures</strong> peuvent être appliqués.</li>\n <li>La structure peut avoir des <strong>jarrets</strong> - il suffit de cocher la case dans la fenêtre de données et de définir les paramètres.</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d721402b-14ac-4807-aef2-f668dd9f3166\" data-image-id=\"d721402b-14ac-4807-aef2-f668dd9f3166\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/04bf59e2-fa45-49eb-b136-7ad3e7c88be3/RC-D_03_02.png\" data-asset-id=\"d721402b-14ac-4807-aef2-f668dd9f3166\" data-image-id=\"d721402b-14ac-4807-aef2-f668dd9f3166\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Assemblage en angle</h2>\n<p>Un assemblage en angle est un type d'assemblage de portique - il s'agit essentiellement de la région D la plus couramment utilisée. Parfois, ils peuvent être sous-estimés lors de la conception. Il est cependant important de leur accorder une attention particulière. Et cela peut être facile lorsque vous disposez d'un outil puissant tel que l'application IDEA StatiCa Detail. </p>\n<p>Ce qu'il est important de savoir :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Comme pour l'élément poutre, l'assemblage en angle est également défini à l'aide d'une <a data-item-id=\"5cff133b-460c-4bf2-94c2-3957a7b88e47\" href=\"\"><strong>section transversale</strong></a> sélectionnée dans la bibliothèque. </li>\n <li>Contrairement aux types voile et poutre, il n'est pas possible de définir des appuis. Seul l'usage d'<a data-item-id=\"aa1a5fc8-a069-4196-9c2e-cde472068193\" href=\"\"><strong>extrémités réduites</strong></a> ou d'<strong>extrémités libres</strong> est autorisé dans ce cas. Néanmoins, tous les types de dispositifs de transfert de charge peuvent être appliqués à la structure.</li>\n <li>Tous les types d'<strong>ouvertures</strong> peuvent être appliqués.</li>\n <li>La structure peut avoir des <strong>jarrets</strong> - il suffit de cocher la case dans la fenêtre de données et de définir les paramètres. De plus, les éléments peuvent être <strong>inclinés</strong> selon l'angle souhaité. </li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2f0b6e92-12e9-4d0e-9ca1-694c0b540aae\" data-image-id=\"2f0b6e92-12e9-4d0e-9ca1-694c0b540aae\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/34573afb-190b-430c-b7bb-01d268959bb0/RC-D_03_03.png\" data-asset-id=\"2f0b6e92-12e9-4d0e-9ca1-694c0b540aae\" data-image-id=\"2f0b6e92-12e9-4d0e-9ca1-694c0b540aae\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La géométrie de l'assemblage en angle peut varier. Dans l'application Detail, vous pouvez choisir parmi trois options pour définir la plus adaptée.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c5edd940-03b8-45d5-b727-8c7519191be0\" data-image-id=\"c5edd940-03b8-45d5-b727-8c7519191be0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/74ac2f16-df31-4471-8ef0-3b05a412f654/QRC-D_03%20Knee%20joint_joint%20type.png\" data-asset-id=\"c5edd940-03b8-45d5-b727-8c7519191be0\" data-image-id=\"c5edd940-03b8-45d5-b727-8c7519191be0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour le voir en action, consultez l'image ci-dessous. Ces trois structures ont été créées avec les mêmes paramètres, uniquement avec des types d'assemblage différents.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7c4d9fea-76b9-4de6-9399-7946e1351c95\" data-image-id=\"7c4d9fea-76b9-4de6-9399-7946e1351c95\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f261ebd1-7854-4d18-808c-6acfc4334d6b/RC-D_03_04.png\" data-asset-id=\"7c4d9fea-76b9-4de6-9399-7946e1351c95\" data-image-id=\"7c4d9fea-76b9-4de6-9399-7946e1351c95\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Assemblage en croix</h2>\n<p>Cette option est identique à l'assemblage en angle. Pour les caractéristiques, voir le paragraphe précédent.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e4670a1e-0b30-4707-b708-7858eb147bae\" data-image-id=\"e4670a1e-0b30-4707-b708-7858eb147bae\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/4bb40a71-3067-4cf2-8aa5-71024ddeb7c6/RC-D_03_05.png\" data-asset-id=\"e4670a1e-0b30-4707-b708-7858eb147bae\" data-image-id=\"e4670a1e-0b30-4707-b708-7858eb147bae\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il existe deux types d'assemblages en croix - poutre prismatique ou poteau prismatique. La différence est illustrée dans l'image ci-dessous. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a10dccd9-755e-4463-ab21-21803ae67e73\" data-image-id=\"a10dccd9-755e-4463-ab21-21803ae67e73\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/87cc88dc-5366-4e2c-b264-8cd1619eaeb0/RC-D_03_06.png\" data-asset-id=\"a10dccd9-755e-4463-ab21-21803ae67e73\" data-image-id=\"a10dccd9-755e-4463-ab21-21803ae67e73\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Diaphragme</h2>\n<p>Les diaphragmes sont exactement identiques aux voiles en termes de définition de l'élément. Pour plus d'informations, veuillez consulter le paragraphe Voile.</p>\n<p>Il existe trois façons de définir la forme :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Pont à deux voies </li>\n <li>Pont routier </li>\n <li>Et Général - par polyligne ou importé depuis le fichier DXF</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3c3913eb-ffb0-4e02-8ae8-59a315d449a5\" data-image-id=\"3c3913eb-ffb0-4e02-8ae8-59a315d449a5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/87d19f2d-5c10-4531-97a5-0e36f138587b/QRC-D_03%20Diaphragm_types.png\" data-asset-id=\"3c3913eb-ffb0-4e02-8ae8-59a315d449a5\" data-image-id=\"3c3913eb-ffb0-4e02-8ae8-59a315d449a5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Il est important de mentionner que ces détails (sous-régions) peuvent être divisés en deux groupes. La différence entre eux réside dans la définition de l'épaisseur de l'élément :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Voiles et Diaphragmes - épaisseur constante </li>\n <li>Poutres et Assemblages - épaisseur définie par une section transversale</li>\n</ul>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Veuillez noter que tous les types de géométrie mentionnés ci-dessus sont considérés dans le logiciel comme des éléments 2D, et ne peuvent donc transférer que des charges dans le plan ; les forces hors plan doivent être négligées.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"e500d761_139d_01eb_7514_3a270128e537\"></object>"
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"value": "<h2>1 Nouveau projet</h2>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b228b018-7410-488d-a190-39a90b700fca\" data-image-id=\"b228b018-7410-488d-a190-39a90b700fca\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/ae7cb3f1-214d-417c-8224-b6d703b9c794/1_1.png\" data-asset-id=\"b228b018-7410-488d-a190-39a90b700fca\" data-image-id=\"b228b018-7410-488d-a190-39a90b700fca\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Démarrez un <a data-item-id=\"9b7994e5-6207-43cf-9f97-a754d0362241\" href=\"\"><strong>Nouveau</strong></a> projet dans <a data-item-id=\"a0e85d28-23e6-4006-94d6-f334c2be9b67\" href=\"\">IDEA StatiCa Detail</a>.</p>\n<p>Dans la première étape, sélectionnez la classe et la topologie souhaitées, vous pouvez ensuite définir le code de calcul (choisissez <strong>EN</strong>) ainsi que la classe de béton et l'enrobage (utilisez le béton <strong>C30/37</strong> et un enrobage de <strong>30 mm</strong>). Vous pouvez modifier votre choix de matériau (ou en ajouter un autre) ultérieurement, cependant, le code de calcul ne peut être choisi que lors de cette première étape du projet.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0b678e22-8ff7-4917-882c-e71da7e23c97\" data-image-id=\"0b678e22-8ff7-4917-882c-e71da7e23c97\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a5663589-fde9-42df-a943-40fbf4014345/1_2.png\" data-asset-id=\"0b678e22-8ff7-4917-882c-e71da7e23c97\" data-image-id=\"0b678e22-8ff7-4917-882c-e71da7e23c97\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>2 Géométrie</h2>\n<p>Commencez la définition de la géométrie en modifiant la section transversale de l'<strong>élément</strong> <strong>M1</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1c000a6d-7f43-42bc-b164-23c720978712\" data-image-id=\"1c000a6d-7f43-42bc-b164-23c720978712\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bf1fbecd-1f2e-40cf-9b46-28d0595bb46d/2_1.png\" data-asset-id=\"1c000a6d-7f43-42bc-b164-23c720978712\" data-image-id=\"1c000a6d-7f43-42bc-b164-23c720978712\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Définissez la <strong>forme en I avec semelles à chanfrein</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c31546e4-0b63-45de-85df-6626a6ddfea4\" data-image-id=\"c31546e4-0b63-45de-85df-6626a6ddfea4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/ce99c108-ec5b-430d-800e-5b9edb6f0c27/2_2.png\" data-asset-id=\"c31546e4-0b63-45de-85df-6626a6ddfea4\" data-image-id=\"c31546e4-0b63-45de-85df-6626a6ddfea4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Modifiez la largeur des semelles et la hauteur de la poutre.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1f596505-cab1-46b0-9633-1c168b12f29b\" data-image-id=\"1f596505-cab1-46b0-9633-1c168b12f29b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9839e7bd-5471-4883-a4c1-e28609fb85d7/2_3.png\" data-asset-id=\"1f596505-cab1-46b0-9633-1c168b12f29b\" data-image-id=\"1f596505-cab1-46b0-9633-1c168b12f29b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>L'<a data-item-id=\"865804fb-a8ac-42df-9ddd-e05404a48c9d\" href=\"\"><strong>ouverture</strong></a> est agrandie et déplacée vers le centre de la poutre.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0a2d95bf-6ddf-4177-a0c9-d2ee8a68eec4\" data-image-id=\"0a2d95bf-6ddf-4177-a0c9-d2ee8a68eec4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/17810c5a-140d-4372-946e-e540cad41f7d/2_4.png\" data-asset-id=\"0a2d95bf-6ddf-4177-a0c9-d2ee8a68eec4\" data-image-id=\"0a2d95bf-6ddf-4177-a0c9-d2ee8a68eec4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>En savoir plus sur la définition de la géométrie dans <a data-item-id=\"d687ccdc-e898-489c-91cf-c4d935406d36\" href=\"\"><strong>Types de géométrie dans Detail</strong></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>3 Effets de charge</h2>\n<p>Définissons maintenant la <strong>Charge</strong> du détail. Vous pouvez voir que deux cas de charge ont déjà été créés automatiquement. Modifiez légèrement le contenu des cas de charge.</p>\n<p>Pour <strong>LC1</strong> (charge permanente), modifiez les <strong>Efforts intérieurs</strong> afin de saisir les valeurs de l'effort tranchant et du moment fléchissant au niveau de l'ouverture. Dans les <strong>Impulsions de charge</strong>, conservez la valeur de la charge linéaire à <strong>-10 kN/m</strong> en Z- global.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"58c23394-f525-4def-b435-61566cc335a9\" data-image-id=\"58c23394-f525-4def-b435-61566cc335a9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1773c0ed-07fd-440a-9c65-6f322ad14e20/3_2.png\" data-asset-id=\"58c23394-f525-4def-b435-61566cc335a9\" data-image-id=\"58c23394-f525-4def-b435-61566cc335a9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>De même, modifiez les valeurs des <strong>Efforts intérieurs</strong> pour <strong>LC2</strong> (charge variable). Dans les <strong>Impulsions de charge</strong>, changez la valeur à <strong>-5 kN/m</strong> en direction Z- globale.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1204edbd-1741-4f5a-beea-26a61c2f5722\" data-image-id=\"1204edbd-1741-4f5a-beea-26a61c2f5722\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1ed3197b-d918-489b-8613-8fc59e89e9fd/3_4.png\" data-asset-id=\"1204edbd-1741-4f5a-beea-26a61c2f5722\" data-image-id=\"1204edbd-1741-4f5a-beea-26a61c2f5722\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Trois combinaisons non linéaires ont déjà été définies : C1 correspond aux vérifications à l'ELU. C2 est une combinaison quasi-permanente et C3 une combinaison caractéristique, toutes deux définies pour les vérifications normatives à l'ELS. Vous pouvez définir de nouvelles combinaisons si nécessaire ; trois types de combinaisons sont disponibles pour les vérifications normatives à l'ELS : caractéristique, fréquente et quasi-permanente. Vous pouvez sélectionner les vérifications à effectuer pour chaque combinaison et les coefficients partiels pour les règles de combinaison peuvent également être ajustés. Dans notre cas, nous utilisons les combinaisons prédéfinies.</p>\n<p>Les calculs ne seront effectués que pour les éléments cochés. Pour l'instant, nous laissons les trois combinaisons (C1, C2 et C3) sélectionnées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"05026937-915b-4619-9d3b-df0063ec00b5\" data-image-id=\"05026937-915b-4619-9d3b-df0063ec00b5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e5376849-76d4-498e-953f-fef18b8306dc/3_6.png\" data-asset-id=\"05026937-915b-4619-9d3b-df0063ec00b5\" data-image-id=\"05026937-915b-4619-9d3b-df0063ec00b5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>En savoir plus sur les efforts intérieurs dans <a data-item-id=\"38cbe005-0e1e-4d75-ae8a-2ef9dcee4c2b\" href=\"\">Description générale des impulsions de charge dans l'application Detail</a></li>\n <li>En savoir plus sur les impulsions de charge dans <a data-item-id=\"05ba912c-dc0b-4a2f-9763-099001bbb052\" href=\"\">Efforts intérieurs et équilibre dans l'application Detail</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>4 Ferraillage</h2>\n<p>Une fois la charge définie, vous pouvez procéder à la saisie du <strong>Ferraillage</strong>. Vous utiliserez les éléments créés par le modèle.</p>\n<p>Vous pouvez modifier le diamètre des étriers et ajuster leurs espacements (la première valeur correspond à la distance du premier étrier par rapport au bord, les autres étriers seront répartis selon les distances données par la seconde valeur).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"80475315-55d1-4a6d-962c-fbbf5a47a15b\" data-image-id=\"80475315-55d1-4a6d-962c-fbbf5a47a15b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e73ef6fa-d511-47c2-b10c-c010ded36316/4_2.png\" data-asset-id=\"80475315-55d1-4a6d-962c-fbbf5a47a15b\" data-image-id=\"80475315-55d1-4a6d-962c-fbbf5a47a15b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Réduisez le diamètre des barres de ferraillage <strong>RO1</strong> autour de l'ouverture ainsi que le nombre de couches de barres horizontales/verticales et diagonales. Modifiez l'espacement entre les barres horizontales/verticales et ajustez également la longueur des barres diagonales et l'ancrage des barres horizontales/verticales.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"52fa5a28-71ee-4ee4-80ee-58c09c778f11\" data-image-id=\"52fa5a28-71ee-4ee4-80ee-58c09c778f11\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/327fd926-94d2-48d3-b417-68f8de3030fc/4_3.png\" data-asset-id=\"52fa5a28-71ee-4ee4-80ee-58c09c778f11\" data-image-id=\"52fa5a28-71ee-4ee4-80ee-58c09c778f11\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>L'opération <strong>GB1</strong> comprend un groupe de barres à la face inférieure de la poutre. Modifiez le diamètre des barres.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"12dc786c-f420-4bbc-afee-83b9c0e742d0\" data-image-id=\"12dc786c-f420-4bbc-afee-83b9c0e742d0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/605263be-1f0b-480f-9810-a9e18e7f6db2/4_4.png\" data-asset-id=\"12dc786c-f420-4bbc-afee-83b9c0e742d0\" data-image-id=\"12dc786c-f420-4bbc-afee-83b9c0e742d0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Maîtrisez vos compétences en ferraillage en lisant <a data-item-id=\"6fa5f6f4-dd62-4a8b-a85b-77dc223d2e05\" href=\"\">Définition du ferraillage dans l'application Detail</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>5 Calcul et vérification</h2>\n<p>Procédez au calcul du projet. Accédez à l'onglet <strong>Vérification</strong> et appuyez sur le bouton <strong>Calculer</strong> dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9069ec11-c781-4e87-b152-9670ed6cc3f1\" data-image-id=\"9069ec11-c781-4e87-b152-9670ed6cc3f1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5bfb0f66-41ac-4b88-8c00-e7708211994b/5_1.png\" data-asset-id=\"9069ec11-c781-4e87-b152-9670ed6cc3f1\" data-image-id=\"9069ec11-c781-4e87-b152-9670ed6cc3f1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>En haut à gauche de l'écran, vous pouvez voir la synthèse de toutes les vérifications normatives et leur statut (satisfaisant/non satisfaisant).</p>\n<p>Dans le tableau à droite, tous les résultats détaillés ainsi que la quantité de charge permanente et variable appliquée peuvent être consultés. Pour l'instant, la vérification de résistance du béton à l'ELU est présentée. Dans la barre d'outils <strong>Résultats</strong>, la valeur limite du diagramme peut être modifiée. Changez la valeur de sorte que seul le béton en compression supérieure à <strong>-2 MPa</strong> soit marqué en rouge.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"399e0a14-3878-4bab-b705-23a7f63ecce8\" data-image-id=\"399e0a14-3878-4bab-b705-23a7f63ecce8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2b213a23-c573-4a41-815a-4e8ba256beac/1.png\" data-asset-id=\"399e0a14-3878-4bab-b705-23a7f63ecce8\" data-image-id=\"399e0a14-3878-4bab-b705-23a7f63ecce8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez afficher toutes les vérifications normatives à l'aide des boutons de la barre d'outils <strong>Résultats de vérification normative</strong>. Dans le <strong>Résumé</strong>, les principaux résultats pour l'ELU/ELS sont présentés. Cliquez par exemple sur la ligne <strong>ELU/Longueur d'ancrage</strong> pour afficher le taux de travail de l'adhérence entre le béton et le ferraillage (avec le point le plus critique indiqué dans la figure).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d1582b74-b0b4-4e4e-9c1d-a7d7f0965965\" data-image-id=\"d1582b74-b0b4-4e4e-9c1d-a7d7f0965965\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7ae29cba-2d39-4d59-aa42-d270c02da894/2.png\" data-asset-id=\"d1582b74-b0b4-4e4e-9c1d-a7d7f0965965\" data-image-id=\"d1582b74-b0b4-4e4e-9c1d-a7d7f0965965\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Nous ouvrons les résultats ELS en sélectionnant une combinaison ELS, par ex. C2 ou C3.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a150e9aa-f2fe-4548-bf86-64e0bb5c88e0\" data-image-id=\"a150e9aa-f2fe-4548-bf86-64e0bb5c88e0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/59cbb2a8-dfb3-4f3e-9bd3-e2991a85a5f0/3.png\" data-asset-id=\"a150e9aa-f2fe-4548-bf86-64e0bb5c88e0\" data-image-id=\"a150e9aa-f2fe-4548-bf86-64e0bb5c88e0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour ouvrir les résultats détaillés de l'ELU, cliquez sur <strong>Résistance</strong> dans les résultats de vérification normative. Comme indiqué au-dessus du tableau, la combinaison C1 a été utilisée pour la vérification à l'ELU.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d717738e-3f23-4f4e-99e8-0e6f86b8563c\" data-image-id=\"d717738e-3f23-4f4e-99e8-0e6f86b8563c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/aba8fc13-3fbe-47a8-a281-fe12c1d9f11b/4.png\" data-asset-id=\"d717738e-3f23-4f4e-99e8-0e6f86b8563c\" data-image-id=\"d717738e-3f23-4f4e-99e8-0e6f86b8563c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>De même, vous pouvez afficher les résultats pour le <strong>Béton</strong> et également pour le <strong>Ferraillage</strong> en sélectionnant l'onglet correspondant au-dessus du tableau. Vous pouvez sélectionner n'importe quelle barre de ferraillage pour voir ses résultats d'analyse et de vérification normative.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fe9f6f00-5d60-49e0-bfc0-74e28d6ceffc\" data-image-id=\"fe9f6f00-5d60-49e0-bfc0-74e28d6ceffc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d3cbd0bc-46fd-4d9c-8776-d71d9eb4bd21/5.png\" data-asset-id=\"fe9f6f00-5d60-49e0-bfc0-74e28d6ceffc\" data-image-id=\"fe9f6f00-5d60-49e0-bfc0-74e28d6ceffc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Plus d'informations sur les résultats ELU dans <a data-item-id=\"dfd7d908-843b-4d1e-8f66-26343a9bf3ff\" href=\"\">Description générale des résultats ELU dans l'application Detail</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Les résultats détaillés de l'ELS se trouvent sous <strong>Limitation des contraintes, </strong><a data-item-id=\"ea994302-6f97-4068-818f-19f6666fdb27\" href=\"\"><strong>Ouverture de</strong></a><strong> fissure</strong> et <strong>Déflexion</strong>. Pour l'état de limitation des contraintes, la contrainte dans le béton est vérifiée pour les combinaisons C2 et C3, tandis que la vérification du ferraillage n'est appliquée que pour la combinaison C3.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"657ab157-7e89-4488-aff6-aeb6e402a3ba\" data-image-id=\"657ab157-7e89-4488-aff6-aeb6e402a3ba\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5fe709e5-124b-4c6a-949f-1720f1e7eb80/6.png\" data-asset-id=\"657ab157-7e89-4488-aff6-aeb6e402a3ba\" data-image-id=\"657ab157-7e89-4488-aff6-aeb6e402a3ba\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les <strong>ouvertures de fissure</strong> calculées peuvent être affichées en cliquant sur l'icône correspondante. Les valeurs calculées sont comparées à la valeur limite w_{st,lim} qui peut être modifiée dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b669b1ec-73dc-413d-8eaf-008ea0e2f387\" data-image-id=\"b669b1ec-73dc-413d-8eaf-008ea0e2f387\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a9405f9f-0e01-4e76-ad1c-ae7df7d478c8/7.png\" data-asset-id=\"b669b1ec-73dc-413d-8eaf-008ea0e2f387\" data-image-id=\"b669b1ec-73dc-413d-8eaf-008ea0e2f387\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Plus d'informations sur les résultats ELS dans <a data-item-id=\"9e7e995c-6e74-422f-af6e-88a8d7fe047f\" href=\"\">Description générale des résultats ELS dans l'application Detail</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>6 Rapport</h2>\n<p>Enfin, accédez à l'onglet <strong>Rapport</strong>. IDEA StatiCa propose un rapport entièrement personnalisable à imprimer ou à enregistrer dans un format modifiable.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"07b2a2d9-31e0-4f6e-ad3c-660419aa72aa\" data-image-id=\"07b2a2d9-31e0-4f6e-ad3c-660419aa72aa\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6d0a57ef-98c6-4dd9-8077-b3103cbfd075/8.png\" data-asset-id=\"07b2a2d9-31e0-4f6e-ad3c-660419aa72aa\" data-image-id=\"07b2a2d9-31e0-4f6e-ad3c-660419aa72aa\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2e3559ac-8f4b-47ce-ad68-1a79a58db745\" data-image-id=\"2e3559ac-8f4b-47ce-ad68-1a79a58db745\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b5212488-59ca-4a61-a429-b45cecbb29a5/6_2.png\" data-asset-id=\"2e3559ac-8f4b-47ce-ad68-1a79a58db745\" data-image-id=\"2e3559ac-8f4b-47ce-ad68-1a79a58db745\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous avez dimensionné, optimisé et effectué la vérification normative de la partie de la <a data-item-id=\"77764ea2-7c2a-5b80-820b-8f3db5624600\" href=\"\">poutre avec ouverture</a>.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"beam_with_an_opening_b2933a1\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"campus_cta\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"fe999e10_915e_01db_0f92_d63a5d682fda\"></object>"
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"value": "<h4>Vérification normative complète d'un voile en béton armé ou d'une poutre voile ? Aucun problème !</h4>\n<p>L'objectif du webinaire est de présenter comment effectuer la vérification normative d'une <strong>poutre voile de forme générale</strong> dans <strong>IDEA StatiCa Detail</strong> en lien avec les résultats de l'application d'analyse par éléments finis en quelques minutes. Nous présenterons le flux de travail sur un exemple de bâtiment résidentiel en béton – exportation de la géométrie, création du sous-modèle dans IDEA StatiCa Detail, application des <strong>charges correctes</strong>, conception du ferraillage, et la vérification normative finale pour les <strong>états limites ultimes et de service</strong>.</p>\n<p>Essayez par vous-même - obtenez la <a data-item-id=\"0c872071-6a3f-4b99-8cd4-66440db9cc0d\" href=\"\">licence d'essai gratuite</a> et suivez le tutoriel étape par étape sur <a data-item-id=\"1dc3667d-ddd6-5483-8b97-e7b69923fef7\" href=\"\">Voile en béton</a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" data-image-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/177694cc-5c91-42cb-b88c-568f900670fe/Code-check%20of%20walls%20and%20deep%20beams.png\" data-asset-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" data-image-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>La solution ultime pour les détails en béton et les parties structurelles</h4>\n<p>Les logiciels courants d'analyse par éléments finis 3D considèrent le comportement linéaire du béton. La conception et les vérifications normatives du ferraillage sont limitées, notamment pour l'<strong>état limite de service</strong> qui peut conduire au développement de <strong>fissures excessives</strong>. Tout cela est pris en charge par l'application basée sur la <a data-item-id=\"42ce7f6b-6491-4224-a01e-c4c0072ed1cd\" href=\"\">CSFM</a> IDEA StatiCa Detail. Désormais, tous les ingénieurs peuvent concevoir et vérifier efficacement des voiles ou des poutres voiles de toute forme et bien plus encore.</p>\n<p>Si vous souhaitez voir davantage de <strong>IDEA StatiCa Detail </strong>en action, deux autres webinaires enregistrés sont disponibles :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"1300fb1c-8e32-47f3-8b21-0e8e77e1f238\" href=\"\">Comment concevoir facilement une poutre précontrainte avec des ouvertures ?</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"73d449cf-610e-5c7c-9e8c-da8093630d24\" href=\"\">Voile coulé en place – Ruzomberok (Slovaquie)</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Ou parcourez notre centre d'assistance pour des <a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-tutorials?product=concrete&label=detail\" title=\"IDEA StatiCa Detail\">tutoriels</a> et lisez le <a data-item-id=\"0000c94c-b603-48c4-8d31-bc56d7c95886\" href=\"\">contexte théorique.</a></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<h3>Enregistrement du webinaire</h3>"
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"value": "<p><br></p>\n<p>Le contexte théorique est basé sur COMPATIBLE STRESS FIELD DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE<br>(Kaufmann et al., 2020)</p>\n<h1>Dimensionnement structurel des discontinuités en béton dans IDEA StatiCa Detail</h1>\n<h2>1 Introduction à la méthode CSFM</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#general-introduction\">1.1 Introduction générale au dimensionnement structurel des détails en béton</a><br><a href=\"#main-assumptions-and-limitations\">1.2 Hypothèses principales et limitations</a><br><a href=\"#design-tools-for-reinforcement\">1.3 Outils de dimensionnement du ferraillage</a></p>\n<h2>2 Modèle d'analyse de IDEA StatiCa Detail</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#introduction-to-finite-element-implementation\">2.1 Introduction à la mise en œuvre par éléments finis</a><br><a href=\"#supports-and-load-transmitting-components\">2.2 Appuis et composants de transmission des charges</a><br><a href=\"#load-transfer-at-trimmed-ends-of-beams\">2.3 Transfert de charge aux extrémités réduites des poutres</a><br><a href=\"#geometric-modification-of-cross-sections\">2.4 Modification géométrique des sections transversales</a><br><a href=\"#finite-element-types\">2.5 Types d'éléments finis</a><br><a href=\"#meshing\">2.6 Maillage</a><br><a href=\"#solution-method-and-load-control-algorithm\">2.7 Méthode de résolution et algorithme de contrôle du chargement</a><br><a href=\"#presentation-of-results\">2.8 Présentation des résultats</a></p>\n<h2>3 Vérification du modèle</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#limit-states-and-crack-width-calculation\">3.1 États limites, calcul de la largeur des fissures et raidissement en traction</a></p>\n<h2>4 Vérifications structurelles selon l'EUROCODE</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#material-models-en\">4.1 Modèles de matériaux (EN)</a><br><a href=\"#safety-factors\">4.2 Coefficients de sécurité</a><br><a href=\"#ultimate-limit-state-analysis\">4.3 Analyse à l'état limite ultime</a><br><a href=\"#partially-loaded-areas\">4.4 Zones partiellement chargées (ZPC)<br></a><a href=\"#serviceability-limit-state-analysis\">4.5 Analyse à l'état limite de service</a></p>\n<h2>5 Vérifications structurelles selon ACI 318-19</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#material-models-aci\">5.1 Modèles de matériaux (ACI)</a><br><a href=\"#strength-reduction-and-load-factors\">5.2 Coefficients de réduction de résistance et coefficients de charge</a><br><a href=\"#strength-verifications\">5.3 Vérifications de résistance</a><br><a href=\"#bearing-and-anchorage-zones-partially-loaded-areas\">5.4 Zones d'appui et d'ancrage - Zones partiellement chargées<br></a><a href=\"#serviceability-verifications\">5.5 Vérifications à l'état limite de service</a></p>\n<h2>6 Vérifications structurelles selon AASHTO</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#material-models-aahsto\">6.1 Modèles de matériaux (AASHTO)</a><br><a href=\"#resistance-and-load-factors\">6.2 Coefficients de résistance et de charge</a><br><a href=\"#strength-limit-state\">6.3 État limite de résistance</a><br><a href=\"#bearing-and-anchorage-zones-resistance-partially-loaded-areas\">6.4 Résistance des zones d'appui et d'ancrage – Zones partiellement chargées</a><br><a href=\"#service-limit-state\">6.5 État limite de service</a></p>\n<h2>7 Vérifications structurelles selon AS 3600</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#material-models-aus\">7.1 Modèles de matériaux (AUS)</a><br><a href=\"#stress-reduction-and-load-factors\">7.2 Coefficients de réduction des contraintes et coefficients de charge</a><br><a href=\"#strength-and-anchorage-verifications\">7.3 Vérifications de résistance et d'ancrage</a><a href=\"#bearing-and-anchorage-zones-partially-loaded-areas\"><br></a><a href=\"#serviceability-checks\">7.4 Vérifications à l'état limite de service</a></p>\n<h2><a href=\"#prestressing-in-detail-model-description\">8 Précontrainte dans Detail - Description du modèle</a></h2>\n<p><br></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<h1>1 Introduction à la méthode CSFM</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"dd5c0a73_c7f6_01d0_a41f_f49bb5ffb947\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___general\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n89b745d5_92d1_0144_c339_09a2d586407e\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___main_assumptions_a\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n82977474_109b_010e_9192_c89b1989d070\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___general___reinforc\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>2 Modèle d'analyse de IDEA StatiCa Detail</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n8f65ed14_715b_0126_0a38_3eb40e5e3816\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___general___finite_e\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n6434e25a_ef8e_0130_56f5_ecb931a9a002\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___supports_and_load_\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f24ec804_736a_01ff_7457_a03deca932cb\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___load_transfer_at_t\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f358b474_c946_0142_8871_3e7f88f73212\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___geometric_modifica\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"c2f22b4c_6951_01e1_9c0d_fa992ee372d5\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___finite_element_typ\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n25038bc8_4783_0108_643c_159dc2de3973\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___meshing\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n26862adb_98c4_0157_4b56_ce223141f487\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___solution_method_an\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n6522651f_ce45_011a_1609_9229f649519b\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___presentation_of_re\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>3 Vérification du modèle</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"ca18e028_bbea_0141_3aaf_0426d3d90f71\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___general___verifica\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>4 Vérifications structurelles selon l'Eurocode</h1>\n<p>L'évaluation de la structure à l'aide du CSFM est réalisée par deux analyses distinctes : l'une pour les combinaisons de charges à l'ELS, et l'autre pour les combinaisons de charges à l'ELU. L'analyse à l'ELS suppose que le comportement ultime de l'élément est satisfaisant et que les conditions de plastification du matériau ne seront pas atteintes aux niveaux de charge de service. Cette approche permet l'utilisation de modèles constitutifs simplifiés (avec une branche linéaire du diagramme contrainte-déformation du béton) pour l'analyse à l'ELS, afin d'améliorer la stabilité numérique et la vitesse de calcul.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"a89e48b8_dc69_01e9_0225_e67e1002a3eb\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___material_models__e\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n16448e9f_3b97_01d7_8bcb_d10c501f4fe4\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___safety_factors\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n8f95c03f_046c_01d7_3298_0b0bf00905fd\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___ultimate_limit_sta\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f4e5df8b_4a56_01f4_bc6d_94a0519ab1a0\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___partially_loaded_a\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n6d893327_7af2_0116_cc53_17d9c523d187\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___serviceability_lim\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>5 Vérifications structurelles selon ACI 318-19</h1>\n<p>L'évaluation de la structure à l'aide du CSFM est réalisée par deux analyses distinctes : l'une pour les combinaisons de charges à l'ELS, et l'autre pour les combinaisons de charges de résistance. L'analyse à l'ELS suppose que le comportement sous charges factorisées est satisfaisant et que les conditions de plastification du matériau ne seront pas atteintes aux niveaux de charge de service. Cette approche permet l'utilisation de modèles constitutifs simplifiés (avec une branche linéaire du diagramme contrainte-déformation du béton) pour l'analyse à l'ELS, afin d'améliorer la stabilité numérique et la vitesse de calcul.</p>\n<p>Le CSFM est conforme à ACI 318-19, chapitre 6.8.1.1. Afin que le CSFM satisfasse aux exigences de la section 6.8.1.2 de l'ACI 318-19, de nombreux essais de vérification ont été réalisés dans diverses universités. Des articles individuels résumant les résultats de vérification et de validation sont disponibles au lien suivant.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-verifications?label=detail\">Vérifications : Detail 2D</a></li>\n</ul>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"defdeb25_d885_0122_ac21_b900c66ee51c\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___material_models__a\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n10aa2efd_2be3_01d5_f691_0e01203aff4f\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___factors___aci\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n19ad8ac3_95d3_014d_6b6c_dedb9e7b9776\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___strength_analysis_\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n75458d2a_435d_0171_1098_68c0c0b2ef79\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___bearing_and_anchor\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"d50df853_e99d_01b7_d6a8_be62222eb26d\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___serviceability_ver\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>6 Vérifications structurelles selon AASHTO</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"c7e63fe4_de7b_015b_c2e0_a2b1b2f25c67\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___material_models__a_0b99d24\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n05a2bbc0_d319_013e_3890_20f0449ffb21\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___resistance_and_loa\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"e44b5db4_1648_0181_70d3_93b498a73c64\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___strength_limit_sta\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n2f8bc238_a3f3_0105_d12f_8824bbcea023\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___bearing_and_anchor_69cbe39\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"bcebdf5c_cf6f_01b0_70a5_49d6e71cee96\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___service_limit_stat\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>7 Vérifications structurelles selon la norme australienne AS 3600 (2018)</h1>\n<p>L'évaluation de la structure à l'aide du CSFM est réalisée par deux analyses distinctes : l'une pour les combinaisons de charges à l'ELS, et l'autre pour les combinaisons de charges de résistance. L'analyse à l'ELS suppose que le comportement sous charges factorisées est satisfaisant et que les conditions de plastification du matériau ne seront pas atteintes aux niveaux de charge de service. Cette approche permet l'utilisation de modèles constitutifs simplifiés (avec une branche linéaire du diagramme contrainte-déformation du béton) pour l'analyse à l'ELS, afin d'améliorer la stabilité numérique et la vitesse de calcul.</p>\n<p>Le CSFM est une méthode d'analyse structurelle qui satisfait aux règles générales des chapitres 6.1.1 et 6.1.2 et est définie comme (f) analyse non linéaire des contraintes au chapitre 6.1.3 - et plus loin au chapitre 6.6. </p>\n<p>L'analyse par CSFM prend en compte tous les effets non linéaires et inélastiques pertinents (à l'exception du retrait) définis au paragraphe 6.6.3. </p>\n<p>Afin de satisfaire aux exigences des sections 6.6.4 et 6.6.5 - des informations complémentaires sont disponibles dans AS3600:2018 Sup 1:2022 Section C6.6 - des vérifications et validations de la méthode ont été réalisées dans diverses universités. Des articles individuels résumant les résultats de vérification et de validation sont disponibles au lien suivant.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-verifications?label=detail\">Vérifications : Detail 2D</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Étant donné que IDEA StatiCa Detail est un logiciel de dimensionnement pratique, la résistance caractéristique factorisée à la compression sur cylindre à 28 jours <em>f'</em><em><sub>c</sub></em> est utilisée pour les calculs, comme décrit dans le chapitre suivant.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f210278d_66b2_01e0_7fef_b593f71d6bea\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___material_models__a_b7035a6\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n3dee5619_3e5b_0144_0526_70f4a37f63d5\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___stress_reduction_a\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n96319816_17a9_0133_8d65_46becf10313b\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___strength_analysis__8bc3bfe\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n3bdff4d2_a4c8_019a_0cd4_3bfdf2aa387b\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___serviceability_ver_77b5f2c\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>8 Précontrainte - description du modèle</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n5fdb2b15_9e4c_0158_62d4_cd80bf984e43\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"prestressing_in_detail___model_description__body_\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"be2603b3_306b_01ae_3e08_a8db5d40bfaa\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>Références</h1>\n<p>ACI Committee 318. 2019. <em>Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary</em>. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Alvarez, Manuel. 1998. <em>Einfluss des Verbundverhaltens auf das Verformungsvermögen von Stahlbeton</em>. IBK Bericht 236. Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zurich, Birkhäuser Verlag.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Beeby, A. W. 1979. \"The Prediction of Crack Widths in Hardened Concrete.\" <em>The Structural Engineer</em> 57A (1): 9–17.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Broms, Bengt B. 1965. \"Crack Width and Crack Spacing In Reinforced Concrete Members.\" <em>ACI Journal Proceedings</em> 62 (10): 1237–56. https://doi.org/10.14359/7742.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Burns, C.. 2012. \"Serviceability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members Based on the Tension Chord Model.\" IBK Report Nr. 342, Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Crisfield, M. A. 1997. <em>Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of Solids and Structures</em>. Wiley.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2015. <em>1 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings</em>. Brussels: CEN, 2005.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Fernández Ruiz, M., and A. Muttoni. 2007. \"On Development of Suitable Stress Fields for Structural Concrete.\" <em>ACI Structural Journal</em> 104 (4): 495–502.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W., J. Mata-Falcón, M. Weber, T. Galkovski, D. Thong Tran, J. Kabelac, M. Konecny, J. Navratil, M. Cihal, and P. Komarkova. 2020. \"<em>Compatible Stress Field Design Of Structural Concrete</em>. Berlin, Germany.\"AZ Druck und Datentechnik GmbH, ISBN 978-3-906916-95-8.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W., and P. Marti. 1998. \"Structural Concrete: Cracked Membrane Model.\" <em>Journal of Structural Engineering</em> 124 (12): 1467–75. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:12(1467).</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W.. 1998. \"Strength and Deformations of Structural Concrete Subjected to In-Plane Shear and Normal Forces.\" Doctoral dissertation, Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zürich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7612-4.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Konečný, M., J. Kabeláč, and J. Navrátil. 2017. <em>Use of Topology Optimization in Concrete Reinforcement Design</em>. 24. Czech Concrete Days (2017). ČBS ČSSI. https://resources.ideastatica.com/Content/06_Detail/Verification/Articles/Topology_optimization_US.pdf.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P. 1985. \"Truss Models in Detailing.\" <em>Concrete International</em> 7 (12): 66–73.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P. 2013. <em>Theory of Structures: Fundamentals, Framed Structures, Plates and Shells</em>. First edition. Berlin, Germany: Wiley Ernst & Sohn.</p>\n<p>http://sfx.ethz.ch/sfx_locater?sid=ALEPH:EBI01&genre=book&isbn=9783433029916.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P., M.Alvarez, W. Kaufmann, and V. Sigrist. 1998. \"Tension Chord Model for Structural Concrete.\" <em>Structural Engineering International</em> 8 (4): 287–298.</p>\n<p>https://doi.org/10.2749/101686698780488875.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Mata-Falcón, J. 2015. \"Serviceability and Ultimate Behaviour of Dapped-End Beams (In Spanish: Estudio Del Comportamiento En Servicio y Rotura de Los Apoyos a Media Madera).\" PhD thesis, Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Meier, H. 1983. \"Berücksichtigung Des Wirklichkeitsnahen Werkstoffverhaltens Beim Standsicherheitsnachweis Turmartiger Stahlbetonbauwerke.\" Institut für Massivbau, Universität Stuttgart.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Navrátil, J., P. Ševčík, L. Michalčík, P. Foltyn, and J. Kabeláč. 2017. <em>A Solution for Walls and Details of Concrete Structures</em>. 24. Czech Concrete Days.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Schlaich, J., K. Schäfer, and M. Jennewein. 1987a. \"Toward a Consistent Design of Structural Concrete.\" <em>PCI Journal</em> 32 (3): 74–150.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Standards Australia. 2018. <em>Concrete Structures (AS 3600:2018)</em>. Sydney, NSW: Standards Australia.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Standards Australia. 2022. <em>Concrete Structures – Commentary (Supplement 1 to AS 3600:2018)</em>. Sydney, NSW: Standards Australia.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Vecchio, F.J., and M.P. Collins. 1986. \"The Modified Compression Field Theory for Reinforced Concrete Elements Subjected to Shear.\" <em>ACI Journal</em> 83 (2): 219–31. </p>"
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"value": "<p>Vous découvrirez comment appliquer des conditions aux limites dans l'application IDEA StatiCa Detail qui utilise la <a data-item-id=\"86ad7678-0f7f-452a-8e0d-376ea5797b27\" href=\"\">CSFM (Méthode du Champ de Contraintes Compatible)</a>. Il existe cinq types de supports, voyons à quoi ils servent.</p>\n<h2>Supports dans IDEA StatiCa Detail</h2>\n<h4>Appui ponctuel distribué</h4>\n<p>Le premier type de support est l'<strong>appui ponctuel distribué</strong>, qui est défini sur le bord ou dans une zone du modèle où la réaction est distribuée. Grâce à cette distribution, la contrainte n'est pas concentrée en un seul point mais répartie sur une surface. Aucune variation brusque de contrainte ne se produit. Ce type de support est idéal lorsque la rotation est permise et que la distribution des contraintes est uniforme sous l'appui, notamment pour les <strong>appareils d'appui élastomériques</strong> et les <strong>appareils d'appui à pot</strong>. Découvrez la fonctionnalité des <a data-item-id=\"bc5b5556-856a-4f0d-8f32-c4e2de75e237\" href=\"\">zones partiellement chargées</a> qui est compatible uniquement avec l'appui ponctuel distribué.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8b1b6d29-5bae-44ec-992e-cef457d6e920\" data-image-id=\"8b1b6d29-5bae-44ec-992e-cef457d6e920\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/76438042-0256-4eee-b9c3-96cc482f48ad/Point%20distributed%20support%20%28CSFM%29.png\" data-asset-id=\"8b1b6d29-5bae-44ec-992e-cef457d6e920\" data-image-id=\"8b1b6d29-5bae-44ec-992e-cef457d6e920\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Appui sur plaque d'appui</h4>\n<p>Le deuxième type de support est appelé <strong>appui sur plaque d'appui</strong>. Une réaction ponctuelle est transmise au modèle via une plaque métallique qui n'est pas vérifiée et qui sert de dispositif de transfert de réaction. La plaque métallique empêche l'apparition de fissures dans le béton et se déforme. Les dimensions de la plaque peuvent influencer significativement les résultats. Ce type de support est idéal pour les structures comportant une véritable plaque métallique, comme les <strong>appareils d'appui à rouleau</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b685fe3c-ec08-4d5f-b2e1-415a3a23b3c0\" data-image-id=\"b685fe3c-ec08-4d5f-b2e1-415a3a23b3c0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d5dca6f7-506e-49ea-9248-00bd2856aa32/Bearing%20plate%20support%20%28CSFM%29.png\" data-asset-id=\"b685fe3c-ec08-4d5f-b2e1-415a3a23b3c0\" data-image-id=\"b685fe3c-ec08-4d5f-b2e1-415a3a23b3c0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Appui linéaire</h4>\n<p>Le troisième type de support, qui peut être considéré comme universel ou plus général que les deux précédents, est appelé <strong>appui linéaire</strong>. Il agit comme un <strong>groupe d'appuis à ressort sur une longueur définie</strong> sur le bord ou dans une zone du modèle. La rigidité du ressort est soit par défaut (correspondant à la rigidité de la structure au-dessus de l'appui), soit définie par l'utilisateur. Il est possible de modéliser un appui non linéaire agissant uniquement en compression. Ce type de support est idéal pour tout appui ne correspondant pas aux hypothèses des deux premiers types (appui ponctuel distribué, plaque d'appui), notamment les appuis linéaires et les appuis à ressort de pieux agissant uniquement en compression.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"377ec61e-0181-42d6-b807-8551ef18e856\" data-image-id=\"377ec61e-0181-42d6-b807-8551ef18e856\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/41b6a0e5-80c3-4712-bf5b-3fa1cc373c2c/Line%20support%20%28CSFM%29.png\" data-asset-id=\"377ec61e-0181-42d6-b807-8551ef18e856\" data-image-id=\"377ec61e-0181-42d6-b807-8551ef18e856\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Appui suspendu</h4>\n<p>Le quatrième type de support est l'<strong>appui suspendu</strong>. L'appui appliqué à la suspension est converti, en fonction de la rotation, en appuis agissant selon les axes de chaque branche de suspension, appliqués au point où les branches de suspension pénètrent dans le béton. La partie de la suspension dépassant du béton n'est pas vérifiée. L'utilisation d'un tel support est assez évidente – système d'ancrage de levage en béton <strong>préfabriqué</strong>, notamment la boucle opérationnelle de chantier réalisée en acier de ferraillage. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"22af22f4-8657-4453-9e4a-866083d1532b\" data-image-id=\"22af22f4-8657-4453-9e4a-866083d1532b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d68c0c7a-0f69-467d-b9bc-52e66cfa8c7c/Hanging%20support%20%28CSFM%29.png\" data-asset-id=\"22af22f4-8657-4453-9e4a-866083d1532b\" data-image-id=\"22af22f4-8657-4453-9e4a-866083d1532b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Appui surfacique</h4>\n<p>Le cinquième type de support dans IDEA StatiCa Detail est l'<strong>appui surfacique</strong>. Il s'agit d'un appui ponctuel avec une surface spécifique par laquelle la réaction est transmise au modèle. La réaction est appliquée directement au ferraillage, explicitement spécifié (sinon, elle est appliquée au béton). L'utilisation d'un tel support est assez évidente – <strong>système d'ancrage de levage en béton préfabriqué</strong>, notamment la plaque métallique soudée au ferraillage, et plus généralement tous les types de systèmes d'ancrage de levage fixés (soudés) au ferraillage ou prenant appui contre celui-ci. Une autre utilisation de ce support est la modélisation de l'appui de la poutre à console (système d'appui indirect).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6e2f43a4-8c61-4552-a93e-8d8cb24ccb1e\" data-image-id=\"6e2f43a4-8c61-4552-a93e-8d8cb24ccb1e\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f6e72c10-0612-4ceb-b2fb-98d198e75fd1/Patch%20support%20%28CSFM%29.png\" data-asset-id=\"6e2f43a4-8c61-4552-a93e-8d8cb24ccb1e\" data-image-id=\"6e2f43a4-8c61-4552-a93e-8d8cb24ccb1e\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><strong>Pour une explication plus illustrée, consultez le webinaire où tous les types de supports sont expliqués un par un :</strong></p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n47247239_695c_019f_8421_29f83787dc8a\"></object>\n<h2> Conseil pour les utilisateurs avancés</h2>\n<p>Dans l'article précédent, nous avons présenté les types de supports de base applicables dans IDEA StatiCa Detail. Cependant, il peut arriver que pour des structures spécifiques, ces types de base ne soient pas suffisants.</p>\n<p>Nous avons préparé un article portant sur des sujets spécifiques et plus avancés relatifs aux ancrages, aux appareils d'appui de ponts, etc. : <a data-item-id=\"1d52ff19-b6b3-5290-905a-178825f7cdc1\" href=\"\">Supports dans IDEA StatiCa Detail - Sujets avancés</a></p>"
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"value": "<p>Rejoignez le webinaire dont le thème central sera la théorie de la méthode qui se cache derrière le nom CSFM (<strong>Méthode du Champ de Contraintes Compatible</strong>). Le problème du calcul des structures en béton armé ouvrira le webinaire, puis les hypothèses de base de la méthode seront présentées, et les types de structures en béton armé adaptés à cette méthode seront discutés. Ensuite, nous passerons à un exemple pratique que nous utilisons pour expliquer les principes de l'analyse et des vérifications de la structure en béton armé via CSFM. Comme exemple de référence, un <strong>voile en béton armé avec une ouverture</strong>, chargé par une force concentrée appliquée sur son bord supérieur, a été sélectionné. Beaucoup d'entre vous ont rencontré cet exemple lors de l'enseignement de la méthode Bielle et tirant (STM). Les résultats de la méthode Bielle-et-tirant seront comparés à ceux obtenus par le CSFM.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"29e7a7f1-3090-4750-9e51-e3b510ba33fd\" data-image-id=\"29e7a7f1-3090-4750-9e51-e3b510ba33fd\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5dbba801-ab70-462e-aa87-a0b87963b1b1/wall-deformation.png\" data-asset-id=\"29e7a7f1-3090-4750-9e51-e3b510ba33fd\" data-image-id=\"29e7a7f1-3090-4750-9e51-e3b510ba33fd\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"314706ad-bfe3-44e6-aa04-c87cb1a29a68\" data-image-id=\"314706ad-bfe3-44e6-aa04-c87cb1a29a68\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/eadb081a-30e5-4cbe-baea-3cfbc00f17d6/wall-results.png\" data-asset-id=\"314706ad-bfe3-44e6-aa04-c87cb1a29a68\" data-image-id=\"314706ad-bfe3-44e6-aa04-c87cb1a29a68\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le CSFM offre bien plus que de simples vérifications ELU. L'état avancé de la méthode repose sur la <strong>théorie du champ de compression modifié</strong>, la mise en œuvre du <strong>raidissement en traction</strong>, et la distinction entre la fissuration stabilisée et non stabilisée ; nous <strong>effectuons donc des vérifications ELS</strong> du <strong>voile</strong> en béton. Ainsi, nous pouvons observer l'<strong>ouverture de fissure</strong>, la <strong>déformation</strong> et les <strong>contraintes</strong> correspondant aux combinaisons ELS.</p>\n<p><strong>La Méthode du Champ de Contraintes Compatible (CSFM)</strong>, une nouvelle méthode permettant un calcul sophistiqué du béton armé conformément aux normes.</p>\n<p>Rejoignez nos ingénieurs produit expérimentés et calculez les estimations d'hier !</p>\n<h3>Regarder l'enregistrement du webinaire</h3>"
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"value": "<p><br></p>\n<p>Il existe deux méthodes pour concevoir la poutre précontrainte dans le logiciel IDEA StatiCa, qui peut être composite (béton-béton) avec une combinaison de câbles de précontrainte pré-tendus et post-tendus. </p>\n<ul>\n <li>En utilisant l'application <strong>Beam</strong>, où vous pouvez effectuer une analyse TDA complète, utiliser l'import de données depuis des logiciels tiers, concevoir la géométrie des câbles de précontrainte, etc. Et bien sûr concevoir et effectuer la vérification normative de toutes les sections transversales à l'aide du module RCS intégré.</li>\n <li>Saisir les résultats de l'analyse globale depuis un logiciel EF dans l'application <strong>RCS</strong>. Où vous pouvez effectuer une conception complète et la vérification normative des sections transversales (composites avec une combinaison de câbles de précontrainte pré-tendus et post-tendus).</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Pour la première approche, regardez la vidéo ci-dessous, où le flux de travail complet est présenté, et où vous verrez par exemple comment les modèles accélèrent la définition de la disposition des câbles de précontrainte, les pertes de précontrainte, la charge équivalente due à la précontrainte, etc. Cela est possible même pour des modèles complexes tels qu'une dalle coulée en place reposant sur des poutres préfabriquées formant un pont biais supporté par des appareils d'appui en élastomère, où les poutres préfabriquées sont supportées indirectement par des entretoises coulées en place. </p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"d8da76bb_3811_01ac_6aa5_0a3e0f5d14e7\"></object>\n<p>Pour la deuxième approche, nous recommandons de suivre le cours Campus pour bien comprendre l'application RCS. Cela sera également utile pour la première approche, où le module RCS intégré est utilisé pour la conception des sections transversales, ce qui est identique à l'application autonome. La seule différence est que dans le cas de la première approche, les données de Beam sont importées automatiquement dans RCS. Tandis que pour la deuxième approche, l'utilisateur doit saisir manuellement les résultats du modèle global dans l'application RCS. </p>\n<ul>\n <li>Lisez l'article suivant où vous apprendrez comment définir correctement les phases d'action : <a data-item-id=\"6c03cee7-a595-491a-b4f6-131085dd26b1\" href=\"\"><strong>RCS - Phases d'action</strong></a></li>\n</ul>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"campus_cta\"></object>"
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"value": "<p>Les vérifications à l'ELS dans IDEA StatiCa prennent automatiquement en compte l'influence des coefficients r<sub>inf</sub> et r<sub>sup</sub> définis dans EN 1992-1-1 ; 5.10.9 (1) pour les effets de la précontrainte. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de prendre en compte ces effets dans les facteurs de combinaison de l'application Beam ou dans les logiciels tiers utilisés pour l'import.</p>\n<p>Dans la figure suivante, vous pouvez voir les résultats dans l'application RCS où les effets du supremum et de l'infimum sont indiqués.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b91d541b-f653-4e87-af5d-77164eb6543f\" data-image-id=\"b91d541b-f653-4e87-af5d-77164eb6543f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/eb0c3702-c267-4588-ab38-09b070afeb35/Rinf%20Rsup_03.png\" data-asset-id=\"b91d541b-f653-4e87-af5d-77164eb6543f\" data-image-id=\"b91d541b-f653-4e87-af5d-77164eb6543f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Que se passe-t-il donc si nous utilisons les coefficients dans les combinaisons ? Examinons cela.</p>\n<h2>Beam</h2>\n<p>Le facteur de combinaison défini par l'utilisateur pour le cas de charge de précontrainte dans l'application Beam est pris en compte uniquement pour les diagrammes d'efforts intérieurs présentés. Le coefficient n'influencera pas la contrainte dans les câbles de précontrainte ni les efforts intérieurs utilisés pour la vérification normative (comme indiqué ci-dessus).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"067ee6e8-0449-47dc-8103-73a3ea27caa4\" data-image-id=\"067ee6e8-0449-47dc-8103-73a3ea27caa4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3a6de7a3-e9b2-4a32-b68c-a55d1dd8b0f5/Rinf%20Rsup_04.png\" data-asset-id=\"067ee6e8-0449-47dc-8103-73a3ea27caa4\" data-image-id=\"067ee6e8-0449-47dc-8103-73a3ea27caa4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>En d'autres termes, pour les besoins de la vérification normative, les effets de la précontrainte sont définis par la section du câble de précontrainte et sa contrainte initiale. Le facteur de combinaison pour les vérifications normatives est toujours égal à un.</p>\n<h2>BIM - import</h2>\n<p>Dans les combinaisons du modèle global, les coefficients des cas de charge contenant la précontrainte doivent être égaux à 1,0. Les coefficients <em>r</em><em><sub>sup</sub></em> et <em>r</em><em><sub>inf</sub></em> seront appliqués comme décrit ci-dessus.</p>\n<h2>Comment influencer la valeur des coefficients ?</h2>\n<p>Les coefficients sont définis par la norme. Vous pouvez influencer la valeur en modifiant l'annexe nationale ou en changeant la valeur dans les paramètres de norme et de calcul dans l'application RCS. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9364513f-c31d-4cf0-be3a-46e635cb3faa\" data-image-id=\"9364513f-c31d-4cf0-be3a-46e635cb3faa\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/cd6ac36b-e78e-4ecc-943e-33119ccbbb07/rsup%20rinf%20code.png\" data-asset-id=\"9364513f-c31d-4cf0-be3a-46e635cb3faa\" data-image-id=\"9364513f-c31d-4cf0-be3a-46e635cb3faa\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>En savoir plus sur les paramètres de norme dans <a data-item-id=\"4c296380-45bb-40ec-ac2f-2ce0a0d47c84\" href=\"\"><strong>Paramètres de norme et de calcul dans RCS</strong></a></li>\n</ul>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"take_idea_statica_24_0_for_a_test_drive_today\"></object>"
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"value": "<p>L'application comporte quatre onglets dédiés aux résultats ELS.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Résultats globaux</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Limitation des contraintes</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Ouverture des fissures</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Dispositions constructives</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Dans le premier onglet, vous trouverez un aperçu synthétique des résultats globaux. Seuls les résultats de l'analyse sélectionnée via le contrôle de calcul sont affichés. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8b8a40c7-ad5e-4088-aa38-1615c9559c1c\" data-image-id=\"8b8a40c7-ad5e-4088-aa38-1615c9559c1c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/da6079fd-4c24-428a-b8df-b9d8331fb0f0/rcb_05_03_01.png\" data-asset-id=\"8b8a40c7-ad5e-4088-aa38-1615c9559c1c\" data-image-id=\"8b8a40c7-ad5e-4088-aa38-1615c9559c1c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les autres onglets sont consacrés aux vérifications individuelles. Mais avant de les examiner, il est nécessaire de comprendre les hypothèses de calcul. Veuillez donc consulter l'article : <a data-item-id=\"6fcefe69-5439-4ac1-af76-f388fab9b968\" href=\"\">Hypothèses de calcul pour l'ELS</a>. Fort de ces connaissances, nous pouvons ensuite passer en revue les résultats individuels étape par étape.</p>\n<h2>Limitation des contraintes</h2>\n<p>La première vérification est la vérification de la limitation des contraintes. Ce calcul compare la contrainte calculée aux valeurs limites selon l'Eurocode. La manière dont les valeurs spécifiques sont obtenues et les cas de base traités (en termes de limite de contrainte) sont décrits dans l'article : <a data-item-id=\"27c146c7-45d0-47d3-b354-a8e4059db365\" href=\"\">Vérification de la limitation des contraintes</a>. </p>\n<p>Nous verrons comment exploiter les résultats et comment les influencer, une fois que nous aurons une idée de la mise en page et des options d'affichage. </p>\n<h4>Mise en page</h4>\n<p>Dans le ruban supérieur, la partie Paramètres est dédiée aux données de code et de projet. Elle est identique pour toutes les étapes du processus de travail. </p>\n<p>Les parties suivantes sont différentes. Observez la figure ci-dessous, où sont indiquées les options permettant d'ajuster la présentation graphique des résultats :</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a0ff777a-fec0-4165-8f83-d3f70869cb80\" data-image-id=\"a0ff777a-fec0-4165-8f83-d3f70869cb80\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1f542c41-10ca-4661-b12e-b3f6b8ebebf6/rcb_050302.png\" data-asset-id=\"a0ff777a-fec0-4165-8f83-d3f70869cb80\" data-image-id=\"a0ff777a-fec0-4165-8f83-d3f70869cb80\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Description des options :</p>\n<ol>\n <li>Option permettant de basculer entre la vue 2D et la vue 3D. En vue 2D, il est possible de choisir d'afficher la section transversale pivotée ou le résultat à l'intérieur/extérieur de la section transversale. </li>\n <li>Cet onglet permet d'activer/désactiver le diagramme de déformation pour la section en béton et en ferraillage, ainsi que d'ajuster sa taille.</li>\n <li>Cet onglet permet d'activer/désactiver le diagramme de contrainte pour la section en béton et en ferraillage, ainsi que d'ajuster sa taille.</li>\n <li>Option permettant d'afficher les valeurs extrêmes des diagrammes, toutes ou aucune.</li>\n <li>Il est également possible de modifier le remplissage du diagramme.</li>\n <li>Les deux boutons suivants permettent d'activer/désactiver les lignes de cote.</li>\n <li>La dernière partie est consacrée à la section transversale. Il est possible d'afficher les numéros des barres et des fibres et de modifier leur position. Il est également possible d'afficher la barre et la fibre extrêmes.</li>\n</ol>\n<h4>Calcul</h4>\n<p>Les autres boutons du ruban supérieur sont liés au calcul lui-même.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"33728ffb-b234-4560-aac0-b5b4a475e8d2\" data-image-id=\"33728ffb-b234-4560-aac0-b5b4a475e8d2\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/77d90fc7-bc8e-4bec-a13d-2683df29426f/rcb_050303.png\" data-asset-id=\"33728ffb-b234-4560-aac0-b5b4a475e8d2\" data-image-id=\"33728ffb-b234-4560-aac0-b5b4a475e8d2\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour la limitation des contraintes, quatre vérifications normatives sont effectuées, comme mentionné au début du chapitre. Les deux premières vérifications, selon 7.2 (2) et 7.2 (3), sont réalisées pour les deux cas : avec ou sans l'influence des effets à long terme (rhéologie du béton). </p>\n<p>Pour les effets à court terme, le module d'élasticité <em>E</em><em><sub>cm</sub></em> est utilisé. </p>\n<p>Pour les effets à long terme, le module d'élasticité effectif <em>E</em><em><sub>c,eff</sub></em><em> = E</em><em><sub>cm</sub></em><em>/(1+φ)</em> est utilisé. Où <em>φ</em> est le coefficient de fluage.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f6d89cc7-2655-4481-9694-2e4c14171cde\" data-image-id=\"f6d89cc7-2655-4481-9694-2e4c14171cde\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d32e0630-8ffc-4e4f-b9d9-7546acb55672/rcb_050304.png\" data-asset-id=\"f6d89cc7-2655-4481-9694-2e4c14171cde\" data-image-id=\"f6d89cc7-2655-4481-9694-2e4c14171cde\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les effets à long terme sont ainsi pris en compte dans le fluage.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"64772e5a-aac8-421b-ba6c-f7a363681409\" data-image-id=\"64772e5a-aac8-421b-ba6c-f7a363681409\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d3e1e0eb-519c-443d-a338-bd52bd9fbd82/rcb_050305.png\" data-asset-id=\"64772e5a-aac8-421b-ba6c-f7a363681409\" data-image-id=\"64772e5a-aac8-421b-ba6c-f7a363681409\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le coefficient de fluage peut être calculé par le logiciel (option par défaut) ou défini manuellement dans <a data-item-id=\"953a0c24-4990-44c2-8f09-492e6a115342\" href=\"\">l'élément de calcul</a>. Veuillez noter que dans RCS, le calcul linéaire est utilisé pour le coefficient de fluage.</p>\n<p>La vérification normative est effectuée en comparant la contrainte calculée dans le béton et dans le ferraillage aux valeurs limites selon EN 1992-1-1 7.2. </p>\n<h4>Conseil pour les utilisateurs avancés</h4>\n<p>Il existe une option permettant d'influencer les résultats lorsque la limite est dépassée pour 7.2 (3). Il est permis de considérer une valeur plus élevée du facteur k<sub>2</sub> lorsque le calcul non linéaire du coefficient de fluage est pris en compte. </p>\n<p>Vous pouvez modifier la valeur de k<sub>2</sub> dans les paramètres de code :</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8d4b3031-c81b-49b6-8d6d-2c4b219daef5\" data-image-id=\"8d4b3031-c81b-49b6-8d6d-2c4b219daef5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/db9228cf-066d-4924-91bc-15a984a177d5/rcb_050307.png\" data-asset-id=\"8d4b3031-c81b-49b6-8d6d-2c4b219daef5\" data-image-id=\"8d4b3031-c81b-49b6-8d6d-2c4b219daef5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>N'oubliez cependant pas qu'il est nécessaire de déterminer le coefficient de fluage avec plus de précision.</p>\n<p>Résumons les options disponibles :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Le coefficient de fluage est calculé par le logiciel à l'aide d'un calcul linéaire. Dans ce cas, le facteur k<sub>2</sub> = 0,45 (valeur par défaut) doit être utilisé. </li>\n <li>Le coefficient de fluage est défini par l'utilisateur. Lorsque le fluage non linéaire est pris en compte, le facteur peut être augmenté à k<sub>2</sub> = 0,6.</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Ouverture des fissures</h2>\n<p>Si la contrainte dans le béton est supérieure à la résistance à la traction du béton, la section est considérée comme fissurée. La vérification normative suivante dans le cadre de l'ELS est alors l'ouverture des fissures.</p>\n<p>Consultez l'article <a data-item-id=\"5b51a310-2eed-4d41-aea8-3b1a41713f43\" href=\"\">Contexte théorique - Fissures</a> pour la théorie, les hypothèses et la mise en œuvre du calcul de l'ouverture des fissures dans RCS. </p>\n<p>Pour une compréhension complète, il est également recommandé de lire l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"754996ca-bca4-4953-aac7-de7b6aa4598a\" href=\"\">Vérification de l'ouverture des fissures pour les sections avec un enrobage important</a>.</p>\n<p>La vérification normative de l'ouverture des fissures est effectuée en comparant la largeur calculée w<sub>k</sub> à la largeur w<sub>lim</sub> selon 7.3.1 (5). </p>\n<p>Les limites implémentées peuvent être trouvées dans les paramètres de code. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d5020bf7-1c0f-4299-875e-f39c3aa7666f\" data-image-id=\"d5020bf7-1c0f-4299-875e-f39c3aa7666f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a67cf91d-0968-43b2-b875-dd2aa3360b37/rcb_050308.png\" data-asset-id=\"d5020bf7-1c0f-4299-875e-f39c3aa7666f\" data-image-id=\"d5020bf7-1c0f-4299-875e-f39c3aa7666f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Dispositions constructives</h2>\n<p>Les dispositions constructives constituent la dernière vérification normative dans le cadre des vérifications ELS.</p>\n<p>Les efforts intérieurs pour lesquels la vérification est effectuée sont listés au début du tableau.</p>\n<p>Viennent ensuite les conditions de vérification. Toutes sont issues de l'Eurocode. La référence à l'article spécifique est toujours indiquée à côté du titre.</p>\n<p>Ces informations sont suivies des valeurs utilisées dans le calcul sur la base des données d'entrée.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a301b9df-d0db-44fa-b268-a014b56863a0\" data-image-id=\"a301b9df-d0db-44fa-b268-a014b56863a0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bdcb5153-0845-4965-a975-0cb9233994d5/rcb_050309.png\" data-asset-id=\"a301b9df-d0db-44fa-b268-a014b56863a0\" data-image-id=\"a301b9df-d0db-44fa-b268-a014b56863a0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Conseil pour les utilisateurs avancés</h4>\n<p>Il peut arriver que, pour accélérer le dimensionnement, un schéma simplifié du ferraillage soit saisi dans RCS. Dans ce cas, il est recommandé de désactiver les dispositions constructives dans le contrôle de calcul et de les vérifier manuellement à partir de plans plus détaillés.</p>"
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"value": "<p>Il existe cinq onglets pour les résultats ELU dans l'application.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Capacité N-M-M</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Cisaillement</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Torsion</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Interaction</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Réponse N-M-M</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Avant de les parcourir, examinons le résultat global où vous pouvez trouver tous les résultats sélectionnés (en utilisant le contrôle de calcul) avec les efforts intérieurs correspondants.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"82776974-6cef-4d9f-be99-eff926a2db1a\" data-image-id=\"82776974-6cef-4d9f-be99-eff926a2db1a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f76b5dbd-bb24-49d3-bb63-5048434a9fdd/RC-B_06_13.png\" data-asset-id=\"82776974-6cef-4d9f-be99-eff926a2db1a\" data-image-id=\"82776974-6cef-4d9f-be99-eff926a2db1a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Capacité N-M-M</h2>\n<p>Le premier onglet est la vérification normative de la Capacité N-M-M. Ce type de calcul fournit une vérification de l'interaction entre l'effort normal et les moments fléchissants. Si vous souhaitez connaître la théorie sous-jacente, lisez cet article : <a data-item-id=\"fa1ccbb4-2aaf-4470-872c-01deea75f006\" href=\"\"><strong>Flexion</strong></a>.</p>\n<p>Comme indiqué dans l'introduction, l'article est axé sur l'utilisation pratique. Examinons donc les différentes façons d'afficher ce type de résultat. Vous trouverez ci-dessous trois paramètres d'affichage qui peuvent être combinés entre eux.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Type de diagramme</strong>\n <ul>\n <li>Sections d'interaction </li>\n <li>Excentricité ELU</li>\n </ul>\n </li>\n <li><strong>Type de résultats</strong>\n <ul>\n <li>pour l'Extrême</li>\n <li>pour la Section</li>\n </ul>\n </li>\n <li><strong>Évaluation du diagramme d'interaction</strong>\n <ul>\n <li>NuMuMu</li>\n <li>NuMM</li>\n <li>NMuMu</li>\n </ul>\n </li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8d74aef7-49c2-48aa-8541-ee7b7edf4b47\" data-image-id=\"8d74aef7-49c2-48aa-8541-ee7b7edf4b47\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f71d514f-396b-4f7d-945e-e169d695f8de/RC-B_06_14.png\" data-asset-id=\"8d74aef7-49c2-48aa-8541-ee7b7edf4b47\" data-image-id=\"8d74aef7-49c2-48aa-8541-ee7b7edf4b47\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Passons en revue les options de combinaison des paramètres d'affichage.</p>\n<h3>Sections d'interaction + Extrême</h3>\n<p>Nous commençons par les <strong>Sections d'interaction</strong> affichées pour l'<strong>extrême courant</strong>. Dans la barre d'outils Section de la surface d'interaction, vous pouvez afficher quatre sections d'une surface d'interaction. </p>\n<ul>\n <li>My - Mz -> surface horizontale</li>\n <li>N - M résultant -> selon le rapport courant entre My et Mz</li>\n <li>N - My -> surface verticale sur l'axe y</li>\n <li>N - Mz -> surface verticale sur l'axe z</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"585e7199-f633-484b-848b-240ad3fc5b82\" data-image-id=\"585e7199-f633-484b-848b-240ad3fc5b82\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3b125f5b-ecf1-4694-a464-fd1fbc5efac8/RC-B_06_15.png\" data-asset-id=\"585e7199-f633-484b-848b-240ad3fc5b82\" data-image-id=\"585e7199-f633-484b-848b-240ad3fc5b82\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"ab27f060-081b-4cf3-8303-26d57322e1ec\" data-image-id=\"ab27f060-081b-4cf3-8303-26d57322e1ec\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/645ea1b5-5d5a-4f25-8854-9a354d50549e/RC-B_06_16.png\" data-asset-id=\"ab27f060-081b-4cf3-8303-26d57322e1ec\" data-image-id=\"ab27f060-081b-4cf3-8303-26d57322e1ec\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez également choisir d'afficher les charges ou le point ultime dans le diagramme. Cela peut être modifié dans le ruban supérieur dans la barre d'outils Afficher les points.</p>\n<p>Dans la barre d'outils Grille des sections de la surface d'interaction, vous pouvez ajuster la grille des diagrammes d'interaction.</p>\n<p>Les diagrammes d'interaction peuvent également être exportés vers un fichier texte ou vers un tableur. Pour ce faire, utilisez les outils de la barre d'outils Exportation du diagramme d'interaction.</p>\n<h4>Évaluation du diagramme d'interaction</h4>\n<p>Il existe trois méthodes pour évaluer le diagramme d'interaction. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"03bac79f-b627-4add-83e4-1f9f3e215d1f\" data-image-id=\"03bac79f-b627-4add-83e4-1f9f3e215d1f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/00b9e293-5541-4648-a2fb-eea67c94a21c/RC-B_06_17.png\" data-asset-id=\"03bac79f-b627-4add-83e4-1f9f3e215d1f\" data-image-id=\"03bac79f-b627-4add-83e4-1f9f3e215d1f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><strong>NuMuMu</strong> - la résistance de la section transversale est déterminée en supposant une variation proportionnelle de toutes les composantes des efforts intérieurs appliqués.</p>\n<p><strong>NuMM</strong> -<strong> </strong>la résistance de la section transversale est déterminée en supposant des moments fléchissants constants.</p>\n<p><strong>NMuMu</strong> - la résistance de la section transversale est déterminée en supposant un effort normal constant.</p>\n<h3>Sections d'interaction + Section</h3>\n<p>Ensuite, nous pouvons afficher les Sections d'interaction pour plusieurs extrêmes. Pour ce faire, il suffit de modifier le Type de résultats dans le ruban supérieur. Vous verrez alors tous les extrêmes tracés sur une (ou plusieurs) section d'interaction. Si les sections d'interaction diffèrent pour les différents extrêmes, vous pouvez demander au programme de les afficher avec des couleurs différentes. Cela peut être fait dans le ruban supérieur dans la barre d'outils Paramètres de couleur. Vous pouvez également limiter le nombre de diagrammes affichés dans la barre d'outils Paramètres de dessin.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f205a0b0-e1c9-48f4-b6dc-43c284d1660c\" data-image-id=\"f205a0b0-e1c9-48f4-b6dc-43c284d1660c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/72f58eef-689f-4538-88a7-2d6d67cdb827/RC-B_06_18.png\" data-asset-id=\"f205a0b0-e1c9-48f4-b6dc-43c284d1660c\" data-image-id=\"f205a0b0-e1c9-48f4-b6dc-43c284d1660c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h3>Excentricité ELU</h3>\n<p>Enfin, vous pouvez afficher le diagramme de l'excentricité de l'effort normal en fonction des efforts normaux. Il peut à nouveau être affiché pour l'Extrême ou pour la Section. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"303a896d-a3e8-460f-af0b-f97a3c0f20e9\" data-image-id=\"303a896d-a3e8-460f-af0b-f97a3c0f20e9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7e1b15ea-8e42-4245-853f-89af44ef9752/RC-B_06_19.png\" data-asset-id=\"303a896d-a3e8-460f-af0b-f97a3c0f20e9\" data-image-id=\"303a896d-a3e8-460f-af0b-f97a3c0f20e9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Cisaillement</h2>\n<p>Le deuxième onglet pour les vérifications normatives ELU est le Cisaillement. Tous les calculs sont effectués conformément à l'article 6.2 de l'EN 1992-1-1. Vous pouvez contrôler l'angle thêta dans le ruban supérieur. Cet angle régit l'inclinaison entre les bielles comprimées en béton et l'axe de la poutre perpendiculaire à l'effort tranchant. Vous pouvez également utiliser la fonction d'optimisation des bielles, qui peut trouver automatiquement l'angle le plus efficace. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3a0f2815-204e-4763-9aa7-1e96dd08b6f7\" data-image-id=\"3a0f2815-204e-4763-9aa7-1e96dd08b6f7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e385fbfc-4c5d-45ec-a5b2-d1db90b2652e/RC-B_06_20.png\" data-asset-id=\"3a0f2815-204e-4763-9aa7-1e96dd08b6f7\" data-image-id=\"3a0f2815-204e-4763-9aa7-1e96dd08b6f7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez bien entendu calculer la capacité au cisaillement dans les deux directions, mais vous devez être conscient de l'angle entre le gradient dans le plan du plan de déformation et les efforts tranchants résultants. Le programme peut calculer automatiquement la hauteur utile de la section transversale <em>d</em>, le bras de levier intérieur <em>z</em> et la largeur efficace <em>b</em><em><sub>w</sub></em>, mais si l'angle dépasse 20 degrés, les valeurs de la hauteur utile et du bras de levier, et par conséquent la résistance au cisaillement, pourraient être affectées. Il est donc recommandé de définir ces valeurs manuellement dans l'éditeur de ferraillage -> Paramètres utilisateur -> Section transversale.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"92f75867-bd21-402b-accf-37ad06c8ec53\" data-image-id=\"92f75867-bd21-402b-accf-37ad06c8ec53\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2f641c22-813c-4c3a-ba44-3e6c9c5859cd/RC-B_06_21.png\" data-asset-id=\"92f75867-bd21-402b-accf-37ad06c8ec53\" data-image-id=\"92f75867-bd21-402b-accf-37ad06c8ec53\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Lisez l'article suivant pour savoir - <a data-item-id=\"20140238-707b-59c0-86f2-a824eaf6787a\" href=\"\"><strong>Comment définir correctement le bras de levier</strong></a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Si vous souhaitez connaître la théorie sous-jacente, lisez l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"a42a6426-b702-4eba-b703-d55b11365bad\" href=\"\"><strong>Cisaillement</strong></a>. Dans le chapitre <strong>Bras de levier des efforts intérieurs</strong>, vous trouverez une explication des raisons pour lesquelles il convient de définir manuellement les valeurs de la hauteur utile et du bras de levier.</p>\n<p>Un autre sujet important est l'évaluation du cisaillement dans les sections circulaires. Lisez l'article suivant pour savoir comment IDEA StatiCa RCS peut résoudre ce problème - <a data-item-id=\"6f90f137-b429-4f05-8c59-2f834c651a95\" href=\"\"><strong>Cisaillement dans RCS - sections transversales circulaires</strong></a></p>\n<h2>Torsion</h2>\n<p>L'onglet suivant pour les vérifications normatives ELU est la Torsion. Tous les calculs sont effectués conformément à l'article 6.3 de l'EN 1992-1-1. L'angle thêta est bien entendu partagé avec la vérification normative du cisaillement et peut être défini dans le ruban supérieur, tout comme pour la vérification normative du cisaillement. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"eff167ad-ad28-4bd1-b3b6-d83c43efc83f\" data-image-id=\"eff167ad-ad28-4bd1-b3b6-d83c43efc83f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e1e8b01d-c1cd-4cfc-bed1-f7170844acc9/RC-B_06_22.png\" data-asset-id=\"eff167ad-ad28-4bd1-b3b6-d83c43efc83f\" data-image-id=\"eff167ad-ad28-4bd1-b3b6-d83c43efc83f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La section équivalente à paroi mince peut être créée automatiquement sur la base de l'étrier sélectionné. Si la situation est simple comme dans la figure suivante, il n'y a pas de problème.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"23e28d0b-1d85-4dba-b922-0d73373a0469\" data-image-id=\"23e28d0b-1d85-4dba-b922-0d73373a0469\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d209c3e4-6257-44c7-b948-a99c4be4ad43/RC-B_06_23.png\" data-asset-id=\"23e28d0b-1d85-4dba-b922-0d73373a0469\" data-image-id=\"23e28d0b-1d85-4dba-b922-0d73373a0469\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Mais dans le cas de sections transversales complexes comme les ponts à caisson ou les formes générales, où plusieurs étriers sont généralement définis pour la torsion, la création automatique de la section équivalente à paroi mince n'est pas suffisante. Dans ce cas, allez dans l'éditeur de ferraillage -> Paramètres utilisateur -> Torsion et effectuez la saisie manuelle.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f2e5585a-4978-4ec9-9761-1528048bebf2\" data-image-id=\"f2e5585a-4978-4ec9-9761-1528048bebf2\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1ef86159-2d5b-4d31-888c-2d1ba36aee30/RC-B_06_24.png\" data-asset-id=\"f2e5585a-4978-4ec9-9761-1528048bebf2\" data-image-id=\"f2e5585a-4978-4ec9-9761-1528048bebf2\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La théorie sous-jacente au calcul de la torsion est à nouveau décrite dans l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"0f49a9be-8632-4dc8-ad0d-c692a14ab752\" href=\"\"><strong>Torsion</strong></a>.</p>\n<h2>Interaction</h2>\n<p>L'interaction entre l'effort tranchant et la torsion peut être calculée, ainsi que l'interaction entre le cisaillement, la torsion et la flexion. Vous pouvez vérifier le béton, le ferraillage transversal et le ferraillage longitudinal. Toute la théorie sur l'interaction est décrite dans l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"1dd237d8-efd5-4460-9bb9-b72a65dbef5d\" href=\"\"><strong>Interaction</strong></a></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c0ab7116-0afc-419f-a2db-36b56104b85b\" data-image-id=\"c0ab7116-0afc-419f-a2db-36b56104b85b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b08ea329-0fbb-4e64-ae4a-f5f6e63ce810/RC-B_06_25.png\" data-asset-id=\"c0ab7116-0afc-419f-a2db-36b56104b85b\" data-image-id=\"c0ab7116-0afc-419f-a2db-36b56104b85b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Mais la question est : est-il toujours nécessaire de vérifier l'interaction entre tous les efforts (V+T+M) ? Si non, où doit-on vérifier quoi ?</p>\n<p>Vous devez bien entendu vérifier la capacité N-M-M partout. Mais qu'en est-il du cisaillement ? Suivez l'article 6.2.3 (5) de l'EN 1992-1-1 où vous pouvez lire que vous n'avez pas toujours à utiliser la valeur totale de l'effort tranchant pour vérifier le ferraillage transversal.</p>\n<p>Pour le ferraillage longitudinal au-dessus des appuis, l'interaction complète n'est pas toujours nécessaire non plus. Pour en savoir plus, lisez l'article 6.2.3 (7) de l'EN 1992-1-1. Pour exclure l'effort de traction supplémentaire dans le ferraillage longitudinal dû au cisaillement, allez dans le Navigateur -> Élément de conception et activez la vérification d'interaction limitée.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"28f9456c-35b7-4a6b-b0e3-50c359134105\" data-image-id=\"28f9456c-35b7-4a6b-b0e3-50c359134105\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1027c071-381e-42db-b817-dc98e7a61394/RC-B_06_26.png\" data-asset-id=\"28f9456c-35b7-4a6b-b0e3-50c359134105\" data-image-id=\"28f9456c-35b7-4a6b-b0e3-50c359134105\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Ensuite, vous devez toujours choisir la combinaison pour la vérification d'interaction limitée. Cela peut être fait dans le Navigateur -> Efforts intérieurs.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a94ae749-3f49-4ec6-9cc7-86bf7293afc0\" data-image-id=\"a94ae749-3f49-4ec6-9cc7-86bf7293afc0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/68271571-4736-44cf-a975-0dd0667c75b4/RC-B_06_27.png\" data-asset-id=\"a94ae749-3f49-4ec6-9cc7-86bf7293afc0\" data-image-id=\"a94ae749-3f49-4ec6-9cc7-86bf7293afc0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Lisez l'article suivant où vous pouvez trouver comment <strong>l'effort longitudinal causé par le cisaillement et la torsion est appliqué à la section transversale</strong>.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"808008d4-d25a-403f-a4cd-ed61e1c71203\" href=\"\"><strong>Améliorations de la vérification normative d'interaction </strong></a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Réponse N-M-M</h2>\n<p>Ce type de calcul permet de déterminer la réponse de la section transversale lorsque la charge est appliquée. Les résultats (contrainte et déformation) sont ensuite comparés aux limites déterminées par la méthode de la déformation ultime à l'état limite.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f28107d1-1db9-4d8b-bcff-a7264b14f7ca\" data-image-id=\"f28107d1-1db9-4d8b-bcff-a7264b14f7ca\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/78d7ee2e-4f85-4e97-9a7f-bc8474c6dc07/RC-B_06_30.png\" data-asset-id=\"f28107d1-1db9-4d8b-bcff-a7264b14f7ca\" data-image-id=\"f28107d1-1db9-4d8b-bcff-a7264b14f7ca\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il existe quatre options différentes pour afficher les résultats. Notez qu'elles sont identiques pour l'Interaction.</p>\n<ul>\n <li>2D</li>\n <li>3D</li>\n <li>Efforts 3D</li>\n <li>Diagramme</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Vous pouvez basculer entre elles dans le ruban supérieur. Dans la figure précédente, l'option d'affichage 2D était présentée. Si cette option est sélectionnée, vous pouvez afficher une section transversale pivotée ou des résultats pivotés. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c90ca42a-794d-46e4-b3c5-c48f99130824\" data-image-id=\"c90ca42a-794d-46e4-b3c5-c48f99130824\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/cda2413a-36ac-4e5a-846a-0ad673e0fa6f/RC-B_06_31.png\" data-asset-id=\"c90ca42a-794d-46e4-b3c5-c48f99130824\" data-image-id=\"c90ca42a-794d-46e4-b3c5-c48f99130824\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Dans la figure, les résultats étaient à l'extérieur de la section transversale. Si nécessaire, les résultats peuvent également être affichés à l'intérieur de la section.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d4f9f758-aa7d-44ac-a59a-06d159d657d1\" data-image-id=\"d4f9f758-aa7d-44ac-a59a-06d159d657d1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/edadacea-aa94-4c88-9043-7a7550e781dc/RC-B_06_32.png\" data-asset-id=\"d4f9f758-aa7d-44ac-a59a-06d159d657d1\" data-image-id=\"d4f9f758-aa7d-44ac-a59a-06d159d657d1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour la vue 2D, vous pouvez activer/désactiver la déformation et la contrainte dans le béton et le ferraillage, ajuster les étiquettes, modifier le graphique des résultats, ajouter des lignes de cote et des numéros de barres, et afficher la fibre extrême ou la barre extrême. Tous ces paramètres d'affichage sont disponibles dans le ruban supérieur dans les différentes barres d'outils.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7072c791-55a4-481c-a885-b3af83e623e4\" data-image-id=\"7072c791-55a4-481c-a885-b3af83e623e4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c743d7b7-7ff7-4495-8e0e-6da2391cc06b/RC-B_06_33.png\" data-asset-id=\"7072c791-55a4-481c-a885-b3af83e623e4\" data-image-id=\"7072c791-55a4-481c-a885-b3af83e623e4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La vue 3D est présentée ci-dessous. 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"value": "<h2>Données du projet</h2>\n<p>Commençons par les paramètres des données du projet. Vous pouvez accéder au tableau depuis le ruban supérieur -> barre d'outils Paramètres. L'une des choses à définir ici est l'information de base sur le projet, comme le nom du projet, le numéro, la description, l'auteur et la date. Ces informations seront ensuite transmises au rapport automatique. </p>\n<p>Une autre saisie possible ici est le paramétrage des <strong>valeurs par défaut</strong> pour la norme nationale. Vous pouvez définir les normes et l'annexe nationale pour le projet, ainsi que les fonctionnalités, la durée de vie de calcul, les classes d'exposition et les nuances de matériaux.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"584d548f-1ed7-4810-a38a-8e4b68d7b135\" data-image-id=\"584d548f-1ed7-4810-a38a-8e4b68d7b135\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d9e72823-f207-4cb3-80c6-d0cc56e77222/RC-B_06_37.png\" data-asset-id=\"584d548f-1ed7-4810-a38a-8e4b68d7b135\" data-image-id=\"584d548f-1ed7-4810-a38a-8e4b68d7b135\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Paramètres de code et de calcul</h2>\n<p>Ensuite, il y a les paramètres de code et de calcul, où vous pouvez parcourir les chapitres de la norme utilisée et modifier les valeurs par défaut des coefficients, limites ou conditions. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7333aae3-7a22-457b-87a0-701393bf0ae9\" data-image-id=\"7333aae3-7a22-457b-87a0-701393bf0ae9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c3bb1af6-3221-4d77-a3cf-97cee9469273/RC-B_06_38.png\" data-asset-id=\"7333aae3-7a22-457b-87a0-701393bf0ae9\" data-image-id=\"7333aae3-7a22-457b-87a0-701393bf0ae9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Si l'annexe nationale est sélectionnée, vous verrez le drapeau de l'annexe à côté des valeurs qui diffèrent de l'Eurocode général. La nouvelle valeur ou, par exemple, l'équation pour le calcul automatique sera également affichée, comme le montre la figure suivante.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2c363868-e283-47b4-9f3d-9f248b7ca0c8\" data-image-id=\"2c363868-e283-47b4-9f3d-9f248b7ca0c8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5a09cb9b-c85d-4eab-bfb6-2dc021b130fb/RC-B_06_39.png\" data-asset-id=\"2c363868-e283-47b4-9f3d-9f248b7ca0c8\" data-image-id=\"2c363868-e283-47b4-9f3d-9f248b7ca0c8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il peut également y avoir une saisie sous forme de tableau, qui peut bien entendu être ajustée de la même manière. Voir l'exemple avec le tableau de la largeur des fissures dans la figure suivante.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"220bf51f-a42b-4d12-bf03-93afe8634702\" data-image-id=\"220bf51f-a42b-4d12-bf03-93afe8634702\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/70640c8f-4b73-48a1-b083-8bce8b529a00/RC-B_06_40.png\" data-asset-id=\"220bf51f-a42b-4d12-bf03-93afe8634702\" data-image-id=\"220bf51f-a42b-4d12-bf03-93afe8634702\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le dernier onglet, mais non des moindres, est <strong>Général</strong>. Il contient les paramètres généraux du calcul.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3cac0f63-8f88-4579-8c43-4f9cee0d9096\" data-image-id=\"3cac0f63-8f88-4579-8c43-4f9cee0d9096\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a371afd8-8db8-48b9-9b7c-d20616f93538/RC-B_06_44.png\" data-asset-id=\"3cac0f63-8f88-4579-8c43-4f9cee0d9096\" data-image-id=\"3cac0f63-8f88-4579-8c43-4f9cee0d9096\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Passons-les en revue : </p>\n<p>G.1 - Valeur limite d'exploitation - La valeur maximale du taux de travail de la section transversale ne doit pas nécessairement être de 100 %. Vous pouvez la modifier à l'aide de ce paramètre.</p>\n<p>G.2 - Valeur maximale affichable - Ici, vous pouvez modifier la valeur maximale du taux de travail.</p>\n<p>G.3 et G.4 - Précision de l'itération et Nombre de pas d'itération - Vous pouvez également influencer le processus d'itération. Cela peut contribuer à accélérer le calcul.</p>\n<p>G.5 - Évaluation du diagramme d'itération - Ce point est décrit dans l'article suivant, au chapitre Capacité N-M-M : <a data-item-id=\"c8bad084-6363-4e07-87ac-c53a30fc1983\" href=\"\">Résultats ELU dans RCS</a></p>\n<p>G.6 - Nombre de diagrammes - Nombre de sections verticales à travers la surface d'interaction autour des axes verticaux. En augmentant ce nombre, vous pouvez accroître la précision du diagramme d'interaction. Pour en savoir plus, consultez l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"fa1ccbb4-2aaf-4470-872c-01deea75f006\" href=\"\">Flexion</a></p>\n<p>G.7 - Division du diagramme d'interaction - De même, en augmentant ce nombre, vous pouvez accroître la précision du diagramme d'interaction.</p>\n<p>G.8 - Résistance résiduelle - Valable uniquement pour les sections transversales précontraintes. Si elle est <strong>DÉSACTIVÉE</strong> - Le membre gauche de la condition de fiabilité contient uniquement la charge extérieure. Le membre droit est la résistance, qui comprend les effets primaires résultant de la force de précontrainte à la décompression et l'effet de la résistance résiduelle du ferraillage de précontrainte. Si elle est <strong>ACTIVÉE</strong> - Un tableau supplémentaire est affiché, dans lequel le membre gauche de la condition de fiabilité contient la charge extérieure diminuée de l'effet primaire résultant de la force de précontrainte à la décompression. Le membre droit est la résistance, qui comprend uniquement l'effet de la résistance résiduelle du ferraillage de précontrainte.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9d27f3ed-e2b9-4bed-bbe1-fc5a52ecd4a6\" data-image-id=\"9d27f3ed-e2b9-4bed-bbe1-fc5a52ecd4a6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/25c12fc0-340e-456a-8aa6-a68620a82f46/RC-B_06_41.png\" data-asset-id=\"9d27f3ed-e2b9-4bed-bbe1-fc5a52ecd4a6\" data-image-id=\"9d27f3ed-e2b9-4bed-bbe1-fc5a52ecd4a6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>G.9 - Ne pas exclure les câbles de précontrainte - Si cette option est activée, les câbles de précontrainte situés en dehors de la section transversale seront inclus dans le calcul.</p>\n<p>G.10 - Utiliser un modèle simplifié - Vous pouvez utiliser cette option pour accélérer votre calcul.</p>\n<p>G.12 - Direction de l'imperfection - L'effet est décrit dans l'article suivant : <a data-item-id=\"17353810-3c1d-4db4-bc6d-ad9e2c9a7126\" href=\"\">Effet du second ordre dans l'application RCS</a></p>\n<p>G.14 - Pas de résistance du béton en traction - éléments 1D</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Toujours - L'hypothèse selon laquelle le béton ne résiste pas à la traction sera appliquée dans toutes les vérifications ELS pour toutes les combinaisons de toutes les sections et leurs extrêmes.</li>\n <li>Section - Dans le cas où la valeur de calcul supérieure ou inférieure des efforts intérieurs de l'une des combinaisons ELS entraîne une contrainte dans le béton supérieure à la résistance en traction du béton, l'hypothèse selon laquelle le béton ne résiste pas à la traction sera appliquée dans toutes les vérifications ELS pour tous les extrêmes de la section courante. 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"value": "<p>Il existe plusieurs options pour la configuration du ferraillage d'une section transversale 1D :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Modèles</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Import</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Éditeur de ferraillage</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Pour des informations sur la configuration du ferraillage pour les éléments 2D, consultez l'article <a data-item-id=\"ec27c0e7-ec98-41d1-9e7d-81a2ad088f42\" href=\"\">Ferraillage pour les éléments 2D</a><strong> </strong>!</p>\n<p>Voyons maintenant les options :</p>\n<h2>Modèles</h2>\n<p>Comme pour la géométrie, l'application RCS propose des modèles prédéfinis pour le ferraillage. Cette option est disponible uniquement pour les sections transversales créées à partir de modèles prédéfinis. </p>\n<h3>Définition d'un modèle</h3>\n<p>Pour définir le ferraillage, accédez au <strong>Navigateur</strong> <strong>-> Ferraillage</strong>, et sélectionnez un modèle préféré dans le ruban supérieur. Le tableau de disposition apparaîtra ; il suffit de renseigner les valeurs et de cliquer sur OK.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"eda8a3cd-2f2c-450e-ade6-92946cd6100a\" data-image-id=\"eda8a3cd-2f2c-450e-ade6-92946cd6100a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3a17bb40-ef0d-4168-ba1a-90b01a1556c4/RC-B_05_04.png\" data-asset-id=\"eda8a3cd-2f2c-450e-ade6-92946cd6100a\" data-image-id=\"eda8a3cd-2f2c-450e-ade6-92946cd6100a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Ensuite, vous verrez les tableaux des barres de ferraillage et des couches de ferraillage dans la fenêtre Données. En travaillant avec ces tableaux, vous pouvez ajuster des propriétés telles que le diamètre, le nombre de couches, si le ferraillage est relevé, et le type de ferraillage (cette fonctionnalité est destinée au calcul de <a data-item-id=\"5bc035cd-2680-4beb-ace8-094d3b3fb73d\" href=\"\">Fatigue</a>).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5175380d-2b70-46b5-96c1-3cb285e69d59\" data-image-id=\"5175380d-2b70-46b5-96c1-3cb285e69d59\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6b30b28d-b917-4aeb-bf7f-1e6b97d5bea5/RC-B_05_05.png\" data-asset-id=\"5175380d-2b70-46b5-96c1-3cb285e69d59\" data-image-id=\"5175380d-2b70-46b5-96c1-3cb285e69d59\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le diamètre et le matériau du ferraillage peuvent être définis individuellement pour chaque barre. Si un groupe de barres a le même diamètre ou le même matériau, vous pouvez cocher les cases Identique et gagner du temps en évitant de définir les propriétés barre par barre.</p>\n<h3>Modification des étriers</h3>\n<p>Cliquez sur l'étrier dans la fenêtre graphique principale. L'étrier sélectionné est mis en surbrillance et vous pouvez voir un tableau de propriétés dans la fenêtre Données. Vous pouvez y définir le diamètre, le matériau, l'espacement et d'autres paramètres selon le type d'étrier. </p>\n<p>Les cases à cocher <strong>Cisaillement</strong> et <strong>Torsion</strong> au milieu du tableau constituent une partie importante de cette section. Sélectionnez les options correspondantes pour choisir le type de vérification normative de l'étrier.</p>\n<p>De plus amples informations sur les vérifications au cisaillement et à la torsion, ainsi que sur d'autres types de vérifications, avec une description détaillée, sont disponibles dans l'article <a data-item-id=\"c8bad084-6363-4e07-87ac-c53a30fc1983\" href=\"\">Résultats ELU dans RCS - Capacité N-M-M, Cisaillement, Torsion, Interaction, Réponse N-M-M</a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"27490870-9ff5-4fb1-9244-74bcd6b8551c\" data-image-id=\"27490870-9ff5-4fb1-9244-74bcd6b8551c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/480b1c4f-03f2-4d32-91d8-d3ec0ac74723/RC-B_05_09.png\" data-asset-id=\"27490870-9ff5-4fb1-9244-74bcd6b8551c\" data-image-id=\"27490870-9ff5-4fb1-9244-74bcd6b8551c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La <strong>forme des étriers</strong> peut être affichée dans la fenêtre graphique principale en utilisant le bouton du même nom dans le ruban supérieur, dans la section Paramètres d'affichage.</p>\n<p>L'enrobage peut être défini à l'aide du bouton <strong>Enrobage</strong> dans le ruban supérieur. Il peut être défini séparément pour chaque bord de la section transversale. C'est-à-dire que chaque bord peut avoir une valeur d'enrobage différente.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1e2c0c9c-1db7-4805-b77d-a4dbac3d9d4c\" data-image-id=\"1e2c0c9c-1db7-4805-b77d-a4dbac3d9d4c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/0849e5fe-8edb-49c9-95d4-524a5fa01b98/RC-B_05_06.png\" data-asset-id=\"1e2c0c9c-1db7-4805-b77d-a4dbac3d9d4c\" data-image-id=\"1e2c0c9c-1db7-4805-b77d-a4dbac3d9d4c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Le ferraillage peut être supprimé à l'aide du bouton <strong>Supprimer</strong> dans le ruban supérieur. Vous pouvez supprimer uniquement le ferraillage sélectionné ou l'ensemble de la disposition.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"42890c61-3785-417e-91d4-b6473a24d90f\" data-image-id=\"42890c61-3785-417e-91d4-b6473a24d90f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c8c39219-190d-4759-9980-0f5a4a7b9ee9/RC-B_05_07.png\" data-asset-id=\"42890c61-3785-417e-91d4-b6473a24d90f\" data-image-id=\"42890c61-3785-417e-91d4-b6473a24d90f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Import</h2>\n<p>Pour importer un fichier contenant du ferraillage, cliquez sur le bouton <strong>Import</strong> dans le ruban supérieur et choisissez ce que vous souhaitez importer. L'<strong>Export</strong> (en utilisant le bouton juste à côté du bouton Import) fonctionne exactement de la même manière. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"99e81882-5ee2-4e71-a45d-d07bebd70dc4\" data-image-id=\"99e81882-5ee2-4e71-a45d-d07bebd70dc4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f5a21a9a-466b-485b-a6cc-62fde4782db4/RC-B_05_08.png\" data-asset-id=\"99e81882-5ee2-4e71-a45d-d07bebd70dc4\" data-image-id=\"99e81882-5ee2-4e71-a45d-d07bebd70dc4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez exporter/importer la <strong>géométrie</strong>, le <strong>ferraillage</strong> et les <strong>câbles de précontrainte</strong> de la section transversale séparément. Ou il est possible d'exporter/importer le tout en une seule fois. </p>\n<h2>Éditeur de ferraillage</h2>\n<p>L'éditeur de ferraillage peut être très utile. C'est un outil offrant de nombreuses possibilités pour ferrailler une section transversale dans l'application RCS. Pour lancer l'éditeur, cliquez sur le bouton <strong>Éditeur de ferraillage</strong> dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"10b601cf-8fa2-4528-99ea-1ea59457163c\" data-image-id=\"10b601cf-8fa2-4528-99ea-1ea59457163c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1db5e729-fb97-483e-b31c-ecd263371c80/RC-B_05_10.png\" data-asset-id=\"10b601cf-8fa2-4528-99ea-1ea59457163c\" data-image-id=\"10b601cf-8fa2-4528-99ea-1ea59457163c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Une fenêtre séparée apparaîtra. Dans l'éditeur, vous pouvez, entre autres, définir le ferraillage par <strong>modèles</strong> comme indiqué précédemment. Ou vous pouvez <strong>Importer/Exporter</strong> le ferraillage. Il en va de même pour la <strong>suppression</strong>. Tous les boutons nécessaires aux opérations mentionnées se trouvent dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"19237ca1-19ab-42ce-a624-f16c055398e8\" data-image-id=\"19237ca1-19ab-42ce-a624-f16c055398e8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1b4b792c-93f0-4124-9e93-b50af1483c29/RC-B_05_19.png\" data-asset-id=\"19237ca1-19ab-42ce-a624-f16c055398e8\" data-image-id=\"19237ca1-19ab-42ce-a624-f16c055398e8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>L'un des plus grands avantages de l'éditeur est la possibilité d'utiliser les boutons <strong>Annuler</strong> et <strong>Rétablir</strong>. Cela n'est pas possible dans la fenêtre générale de RCS.</p>\n<p>Mais ce n'est pas tout ! Voyons ce que l'on peut faire de plus dans l'éditeur, option par option.</p>\n<h3>Ferraillage longitudinal</h3>\n<p>Commençons par la définition des barres longitudinales. Vous pouvez le trouver dans la fenêtre Données sous l'onglet <strong>Ferraillage longitudinal</strong>. Cinq options sont disponibles pour définir le ferraillage.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Nouveau en ligne</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Nouveau sur bord</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Nouveau par espacement</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Nouveau sur tous les bords</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Importer des couches</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fe8fe2f6-3f46-485b-a739-295932e66352\" data-image-id=\"fe8fe2f6-3f46-485b-a739-295932e66352\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6d38bfe9-1f35-47e4-89ce-bc784705c67e/RC-B_05_11.png\" data-asset-id=\"fe8fe2f6-3f46-485b-a739-295932e66352\" data-image-id=\"fe8fe2f6-3f46-485b-a739-295932e66352\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau en ligne</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau en ligne</strong> définit le ferraillage <strong>en fonction des coordonnées</strong>. Vous devez définir l'origine de la position de la première barre et la position de la dernière barre, qui peut être le Point (0,0) ou l'un des sommets. Ensuite, vous devez définir les coordonnées delta de ces deux points.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e2fcf908-d582-4576-bc17-cce0e9cb55cc\" data-image-id=\"e2fcf908-d582-4576-bc17-cce0e9cb55cc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f8730b1e-76c3-48a3-a926-c9bfff5ea4eb/RC-B_05_12.png\" data-asset-id=\"e2fcf908-d582-4576-bc17-cce0e9cb55cc\" data-image-id=\"e2fcf908-d582-4576-bc17-cce0e9cb55cc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Dans l'onglet Barres de la couche correspondante, vous pouvez afficher la position de chaque barre. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0b3d189d-9794-4716-9409-6a08129db43c\" data-image-id=\"0b3d189d-9794-4716-9409-6a08129db43c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3d0d1889-a09e-411b-9f34-b24060b9d224/RC-B_05_13.png\" data-asset-id=\"0b3d189d-9794-4716-9409-6a08129db43c\" data-image-id=\"0b3d189d-9794-4716-9409-6a08129db43c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau sur bord</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau sur bord</strong> définit le ferraillage <strong>en fonction du numéro de bord et de l'enrobage</strong>. L'enrobage peut être celui défini dans la section transversale ou défini par l'utilisateur. N'oubliez pas d'activer l'étiquetage des bords de la section transversale dans le ruban supérieur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5789bdd5-eb53-4b18-9b05-ef47756ca340\" data-image-id=\"5789bdd5-eb53-4b18-9b05-ef47756ca340\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e7bafbd4-6caf-4a3a-a7d3-985339129900/RC-B_05_14.png\" data-asset-id=\"5789bdd5-eb53-4b18-9b05-ef47756ca340\" data-image-id=\"5789bdd5-eb53-4b18-9b05-ef47756ca340\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau par espacement</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau par espacement</strong> définit le ferraillage <strong>en fonction de la distance et de l'enrobage</strong>. Le nombre de barres dans la couche est calculé automatiquement. Cette option est disponible uniquement pour les dalles 1D -> pour le type d'élément Poutre avec section transversale rectangulaire uniquement, et pour le type d'élément Dalle unidirectionnelle.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"61b10a11-1843-4b06-99be-c527642bb2aa\" data-image-id=\"61b10a11-1843-4b06-99be-c527642bb2aa\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/26b28a43-80d6-471e-84bc-8115fa7146d9/RC-B_05_15.png\" data-asset-id=\"61b10a11-1843-4b06-99be-c527642bb2aa\" data-image-id=\"61b10a11-1843-4b06-99be-c527642bb2aa\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Notez que le nombre de barres ne doit pas nécessairement être un nombre entier. Vous pouvez également définir la surface à couvrir - inférieure ou supérieure - et la spécification des barres de bord - symétriquement, diamètre/2, ou défini par l'utilisateur.</p>\n<h4>Nouveau sur tous les bords</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau sur tous les bords</strong> définit le ferraillage <strong>en fonction de la distance et de l'enrobage</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5e829d1a-d827-4fd3-b3e7-6be3216c359e\" data-image-id=\"5e829d1a-d827-4fd3-b3e7-6be3216c359e\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e58c29f7-a2ed-4c62-861c-31d88f66ef09/RC-B_05_16.png\" data-asset-id=\"5e829d1a-d827-4fd3-b3e7-6be3216c359e\" data-image-id=\"5e829d1a-d827-4fd3-b3e7-6be3216c359e\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Une fois que vous avez saisi le ferraillage de cette manière, l'application créera automatiquement des couches uniformes ou des barres individuelles autour de la section transversale.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c72ef944-4bb8-4857-81a0-126d231f64ee\" data-image-id=\"c72ef944-4bb8-4857-81a0-126d231f64ee\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/fd04282b-72f5-4ec6-abb8-d5b836b06689/RC-B_05_17.png\" data-asset-id=\"c72ef944-4bb8-4857-81a0-126d231f64ee\" data-image-id=\"c72ef944-4bb8-4857-81a0-126d231f64ee\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Explorer la couche</h4>\n<p>Toutes les fonctionnalités de saisie précédentes créent une couche ou une rangée de barres de ferraillage. Pour modifier la position ou le diamètre d'une barre individuelle, vous pouvez éclater la couche et effectuer les modifications uniquement pour l'élément sélectionné.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8180e4d2-ff9a-431d-b474-bee4d231d35a\" data-image-id=\"8180e4d2-ff9a-431d-b474-bee4d231d35a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5cb9a599-ecd4-4b62-953f-631b52760b4f/RC-B_05_18.png\" data-asset-id=\"8180e4d2-ff9a-431d-b474-bee4d231d35a\" data-image-id=\"8180e4d2-ff9a-431d-b474-bee4d231d35a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Importer des couches</h4>\n<p>Il s'agit de la même fonctionnalité d'import décrite ci-dessus. La seule différence est que ce bouton importe uniquement le ferraillage longitudinal.</p>\n<h4>Barres relevées</h4>\n<p>Vous pouvez sélectionner quelle barre sera relevée dans l'onglet Barres. Cela peut être fait pour tous les types de ferraillage. Et comme décrit ci-dessus, vous pouvez également sélectionner des barres individuelles à relever dans la fenêtre générale de RCS.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6a0b1c73-2008-4710-bd6d-486f3eb21871\" data-image-id=\"6a0b1c73-2008-4710-bd6d-486f3eb21871\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9718719d-715b-4618-b007-13aff56c56de/RC-B_05_30.png\" data-asset-id=\"6a0b1c73-2008-4710-bd6d-486f3eb21871\" data-image-id=\"6a0b1c73-2008-4710-bd6d-486f3eb21871\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il est nécessaire de définir correctement les valeurs de <em>s</em><em><sub>b</sub></em> et <em>α</em>. La distance s<sub>b</sub> est définie comme la projection de la partie inclinée dans la direction de l'axe de la poutre (ou plutôt la longueur efficace de la barre relevée). Pour plusieurs couches de barres relevées, la distance s<sub>b</sub> est définie comme la distance horizontale entre elles. Après cette saisie, la détection automatique des barres efficaces dans la projection de la fissure sur l'axe perpendiculaire à la géométrie des barres relevées est effectuée (ligne mixte bleue).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5fbb8b0c-5fd4-4737-bd0d-b5ccc74ac48d\" data-image-id=\"5fbb8b0c-5fd4-4737-bd0d-b5ccc74ac48d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/52f4f5a7-c555-4dbb-ae6b-f9f2a4b4cb5f/8_jednavlozka.png\" data-asset-id=\"5fbb8b0c-5fd4-4737-bd0d-b5ccc74ac48d\" data-image-id=\"5fbb8b0c-5fd4-4737-bd0d-b5ccc74ac48d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a3c3a038-4376-490e-b3c6-8c35724288f0\" data-image-id=\"a3c3a038-4376-490e-b3c6-8c35724288f0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/60f5e747-db26-4a24-b793-53f2c482c065/8_effectivebars.png\" data-asset-id=\"a3c3a038-4376-490e-b3c6-8c35724288f0\" data-image-id=\"a3c3a038-4376-490e-b3c6-8c35724288f0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La résistance au cisaillement des barres relevées est définie par l'équation suivante. Si nous utilisons une distance inégale entre les couches de barres relevées, la distance sb est moyennée et utilisée dans la même équation.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d4f1408b-a259-4383-ab87-5256d4668d68\" data-image-id=\"d4f1408b-a259-4383-ab87-5256d4668d68\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6549e326-8ee8-4714-a84c-f3198697f7de/8_formula.png\" data-asset-id=\"d4f1408b-a259-4383-ab87-5256d4668d68\" data-image-id=\"d4f1408b-a259-4383-ab87-5256d4668d68\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour tenir compte de la moindre efficacité des barres relevées dans les zones de faible ouverture de fissure, il est possible d'utiliser la réduction par le facteur kb. La valeur recommandée est 0,75 (généralement <1).</p>\n<p>Il convient également de vérifier la distance maximale entre les barres relevées conformément à la norme.</p>\n<p>s<sub>b,max</sub> = 0,6 d (1 + cot α) (9.7N)</p>\n<h3>Étriers</h3>\n<p>Pour définir les étriers, accédez à la fenêtre Données -> onglet Étriers. Quatre options sont disponibles pour définir les étriers.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Nouveau</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Nouveau autour des barres</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Nouveau à partir de points</strong></li>\n <li><strong>Import</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a18497eb-8bf3-40ed-bd30-14311dbda821\" data-image-id=\"a18497eb-8bf3-40ed-bd30-14311dbda821\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/76f89dd0-4283-4dd0-a575-48af3b280b06/RC-B_05_20.png\" data-asset-id=\"a18497eb-8bf3-40ed-bd30-14311dbda821\" data-image-id=\"a18497eb-8bf3-40ed-bd30-14311dbda821\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau </strong>définit les étriers <strong>en fonction des coordonnées</strong>. Vous devez d'abord définir l'origine comme Point (0,0) ou comme l'un des sommets dans l'onglet Étrier. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fabac534-bb8f-446e-970a-6c42b24c313b\" data-image-id=\"fabac534-bb8f-446e-970a-6c42b24c313b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2b7f2bd1-1f44-43df-9852-b06de49708ff/RC-B_05_21.png\" data-asset-id=\"fabac534-bb8f-446e-970a-6c42b24c313b\" data-image-id=\"fabac534-bb8f-446e-970a-6c42b24c313b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Ensuite, vous devez définir les coordonnées dans l'onglet Sommets.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9bba73e8-83a7-4462-b878-25896535607e\" data-image-id=\"9bba73e8-83a7-4462-b878-25896535607e\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/11272b81-2c88-464e-9e36-4454e9a7ff6a/RC-B_05_22.png\" data-asset-id=\"9bba73e8-83a7-4462-b878-25896535607e\" data-image-id=\"9bba73e8-83a7-4462-b878-25896535607e\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Enfin, vous pouvez revenir à l'onglet Étrier et cocher Fermé si nécessaire. Ou modifier le diamètre intérieur du mandrin <em>n</em><em><sub>dm</sub></em> qui est défini comme un multiple du diamètre de l'étrier.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"41c177aa-0bdf-4564-bab0-85752f9c163d\" data-image-id=\"41c177aa-0bdf-4564-bab0-85752f9c163d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/806458f4-956d-46c9-93f0-9f01c389689e/RC-B_05_24.png\" data-asset-id=\"41c177aa-0bdf-4564-bab0-85752f9c163d\" data-image-id=\"41c177aa-0bdf-4564-bab0-85752f9c163d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau autour des barres</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau autour des barres </strong>définit les étriers <strong>en fonction de la position des barres de ferraillage</strong>. Cliquez sur le bouton, définissez le diamètre et la distance, puis cliquez sur Démarrer la sélection des barres à la souris.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6b2847cb-e03e-43d7-ad15-3b37d8bbc0ab\" data-image-id=\"6b2847cb-e03e-43d7-ad15-3b37d8bbc0ab\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/673f6fd9-6b3e-40e5-ae20-ee00f4a33566/RC-B_05_25.png\" data-asset-id=\"6b2847cb-e03e-43d7-ad15-3b37d8bbc0ab\" data-image-id=\"6b2847cb-e03e-43d7-ad15-3b37d8bbc0ab\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Sélectionnez ensuite les barres progressivement. Vous pouvez utiliser le bouton de retour en arrière ou terminer la sélection sans fermer les étriers.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1f2bbfb1-8537-47dd-ba15-452549e228c4\" data-image-id=\"1f2bbfb1-8537-47dd-ba15-452549e228c4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/674d18f5-52c3-4482-804d-179c37fe1339/RC-B_05_26.png\" data-asset-id=\"1f2bbfb1-8537-47dd-ba15-452549e228c4\" data-image-id=\"1f2bbfb1-8537-47dd-ba15-452549e228c4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Nouveau à partir de points</h4>\n<p>L'option <strong>Nouveau à partir de points </strong>définit les étriers <strong>en fonction des sommets de la section transversale</strong>. Cliquez sur le bouton, définissez le diamètre et la distance, puis cliquez sur Démarrer la sélection des points.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3a280adb-7220-40b2-94e9-911c38e3f0a7\" data-image-id=\"3a280adb-7220-40b2-94e9-911c38e3f0a7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f16da87f-a802-468a-9861-b7e45925a04b/RC-B_05_27.png\" data-asset-id=\"3a280adb-7220-40b2-94e9-911c38e3f0a7\" data-image-id=\"3a280adb-7220-40b2-94e9-911c38e3f0a7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Sélectionnez ensuite les points progressivement. Vous pouvez utiliser le bouton de retour en arrière ou terminer la sélection sans fermer les étriers.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fdaab78f-a03e-4f12-8c36-fd7104f550f9\" data-image-id=\"fdaab78f-a03e-4f12-8c36-fd7104f550f9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/31ec0b49-78e6-4d74-b8d5-16dfdc2f544c/RC-B_05_28.png\" data-asset-id=\"fdaab78f-a03e-4f12-8c36-fd7104f550f9\" data-image-id=\"fdaab78f-a03e-4f12-8c36-fd7104f550f9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>Éclater l'étrier</h4>\n<p>Avec cette fonctionnalité, vous pouvez convertir un étrier créé à partir de points ou autour de barres en un étrier général défini par des coordonnées. L'étrier converti sera identique à l'étrier créé avec l'option Nouveau.</p>\n<h4>Import</h4>\n<p>Il s'agit de la même fonctionnalité d'import décrite ci-dessus. La seule différence est que ce bouton importe uniquement les étriers.</p>\n<h4>Liens</h4>\n<p>Pour les dalles unidirectionnelles et les éléments 2D, vous pouvez définir des liens. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"170698d8-2729-4148-a4c6-e4109b9ced1b\" data-image-id=\"170698d8-2729-4148-a4c6-e4109b9ced1b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c2899a1e-5fc4-4500-9153-f2ce3f4a9074/RC-B_05_29.png\" data-asset-id=\"170698d8-2729-4148-a4c6-e4109b9ced1b\" data-image-id=\"170698d8-2729-4148-a4c6-e4109b9ced1b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h3>Calcul</h3>\n<p>Dans l'éditeur de ferraillage, les utilisateurs itèrent généralement de version en version dans la conception du ferraillage. Une fonctionnalité utile est de calculer la section transversale directement dans l'éditeur. Un bouton de calcul est disponible dans le ruban supérieur. Après le calcul, vous verrez le statut global de vérification normative de la section transversale ferraillée. Toutes les non-conformités pertinentes seront également disponibles.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7a3abb36-eddc-48d1-9778-4cb734657de3\" data-image-id=\"7a3abb36-eddc-48d1-9778-4cb734657de3\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/026c4775-fb00-4861-a7a9-1e5bfe23ca5b/RC-B_05_31.png\" data-asset-id=\"7a3abb36-eddc-48d1-9778-4cb734657de3\" data-image-id=\"7a3abb36-eddc-48d1-9778-4cb734657de3\" alt=\"\"></figure>"
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"value": "<p>Il existe deux cas possibles pour la saisie des efforts intérieurs. Commençons par le plus simple – la section armée – puis nous l'expliquerons pour la section phasée et précontrainte.</p>\n<h3>Section transversale armée</h3>\n<p>La saisie pour les sections armées est facile à comprendre. Il suffit de renseigner les <strong>valeurs de calcul</strong> des efforts intérieurs (les coefficients partiels sont inclus) dans la section et l'extrême appropriés.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2e08eff6-af36-4b3a-a110-77dec42a7cb6\" data-image-id=\"2e08eff6-af36-4b3a-a110-77dec42a7cb6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bfa06090-7e4a-4ef0-9d60-6358c5bf77f5/6_reinforced%20concrete.png\" data-asset-id=\"2e08eff6-af36-4b3a-a110-77dec42a7cb6\" data-image-id=\"2e08eff6-af36-4b3a-a110-77dec42a7cb6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les projets complexes nécessitent de nombreuses sections et extrêmes. Pour de tels volumes de données, il est utile d'utiliser la saisie par tableau dans le menu Section. Commencez par créer le nombre souhaité d'extrêmes, puis lancez l'éditeur de tableau : une boîte de dialogue telle que sur l'image suivante apparaîtra. Les valeurs ELU et ELS des efforts intérieurs peuvent être saisies en un seul endroit.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"610256fd-ac57-47f5-a102-8fe5e0d07f51\" data-image-id=\"610256fd-ac57-47f5-a102-8fe5e0d07f51\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/968d33f1-0c00-4893-9b66-b5a9ce4a2aa2/6_reinforced%20concrete%20editor.png\" data-asset-id=\"610256fd-ac57-47f5-a102-8fe5e0d07f51\" data-image-id=\"610256fd-ac57-47f5-a102-8fe5e0d07f51\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h3>Sections transversales phasées ou précontraintes</h3>\n<p>Pour effectuer une saisie correcte, nous devons commencer dans l'onglet Phases d'action. Le premier tableau est destiné à la saisie des <strong>incréments</strong> des effets (efforts intérieurs) issus des valeurs <strong>caractéristiques</strong> des charges permanentes ; ceux-ci sont utilisés pour ce qu'on appelle l'état initial de la section transversale pour les calculs ELU, ELS et pertes de câbles de précontrainte.</p>\n<p>Consultez l'article détaillé décrivant toutes les méthodes et options de remplissage des phases d'action, y compris une description plus détaillée de l'état initial.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"6c03cee7-a595-491a-b4f6-131085dd26b1\" href=\"\">RCS - Phases d'action</a></li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"eda27df8-70f3-43ca-827a-65b9be293c66\" data-image-id=\"eda27df8-70f3-43ca-827a-65b9be293c66\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3e71e636-14db-4aef-b09f-6a270e085c0d/6_construction%20stages.png\" data-asset-id=\"eda27df8-70f3-43ca-827a-65b9be293c66\" data-image-id=\"eda27df8-70f3-43ca-827a-65b9be293c66\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Nous passerons ensuite à l'onglet Efforts intérieurs et transférerons les efforts intérieurs de l'étape précédente vers l'état initial en cliquant sur l'icône <strong>Tout</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b1e64234-338b-46e5-9b7f-1be610d367f1\" data-image-id=\"b1e64234-338b-46e5-9b7f-1be610d367f1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9a952518-c929-4239-9851-8de895411ad6/6_internal%20forces.png\" data-asset-id=\"b1e64234-338b-46e5-9b7f-1be610d367f1\" data-image-id=\"b1e64234-338b-46e5-9b7f-1be610d367f1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Cette étape transfère tous les effets permanents et de précontrainte, et les multiplie automatiquement par le coefficient partiel gamma approprié pour obtenir les <strong>valeurs de calcul</strong>.</p>\n<p>Il ne reste plus qu'à saisir les charges <strong>variables</strong> déjà en <strong>valeurs de calcul</strong> et le travail est terminé.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"take_idea_statica_24_0_for_a_test_drive_today\"></object>"
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"value": "<p>Dans l'onglet Phases d'action, l'objectif est de définir l'<strong>état contrainte-déformation initial</strong> de la section transversale. Il s'agit de l'état de contrainte de la section transversale résultant des charges permanentes, de la précontrainte, du fluage et du retrait aux différentes phases de construction. Les données d'entrée sont obtenues à partir du modèle de calcul global par éléments finis. La réponse de la section transversale à l'ELS et à l'ELU est ensuite calculée par un chargement supplémentaire (charge variable, etc.) de la section transversale à partir de cet état initial, en respectant les diagrammes de comportement des matériaux. Dans l'onglet Phases d'action, l'état initial d'une section transversale générale, y compris les sections transversales phasées (composites), peut être défini, ce qui rend la méthode générale. Si vous êtes intéressé par les sections transversales composites, il est recommandé de consulter le tutoriel : <a data-item-id=\"45f41f1d-4934-4083-aef1-bc69cd11b1fc\" href=\"\">Calcul structurel d'une section en béton composite dans RCS (EN)</a>.</p>\n<p>Pour les besoins de cet article, les phases d'action seront expliquées sur une poutre simple avec un câble de précontrainte. </p>\n<p>Il y aura le moment fléchissant dû aux charges permanentes <em>M</em><em><sub>dl</sub></em>, un moment fléchissant dû aux charges variables <em>M</em><em><sub>ll</sub></em>, et un moment fléchissant dû à la précontrainte <em>M</em><em><sub>p</sub></em>. De plus, il y aura un effort normal dû à la précontrainte <em>N</em><em><sub>p</sub></em>. La poutre et les efforts intérieurs sont expliqués dans la figure ci-dessous.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8c87f10a-2695-466a-8a07-abc27954d21b\" data-image-id=\"8c87f10a-2695-466a-8a07-abc27954d21b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5387f3a7-a75f-4db8-b6f9-ad9a2e3ad8fb/Action%20stages_01.png\" data-asset-id=\"8c87f10a-2695-466a-8a07-abc27954d21b\" data-image-id=\"8c87f10a-2695-466a-8a07-abc27954d21b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez remarquer que <em>M</em><em><sub>dl</sub></em><em> + M</em><em><sub>p</sub></em><em> = 0 kNm. </em>C'est simplement parce que les résultats seront beaucoup plus clairs. Il sera plus facile à comprendre. Les efforts intérieurs affichés <em>N</em><em><sub>p</sub></em> et <em>M</em><em><sub>p</sub></em> sont après les pertes à long terme.</p>\n<p>Les efforts intérieurs dus au fluage et au retrait sont également nuls dans notre cas simple.</p>\n<p>La section transversale S1 est représentée dans la figure ci-dessous.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e7023aeb-bb50-4998-9078-d0d720df7b4b\" data-image-id=\"e7023aeb-bb50-4998-9078-d0d720df7b4b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/54edc27d-a508-485a-8cda-ce84c3fceb85/Action%20stages_02.png\" data-asset-id=\"e7023aeb-bb50-4998-9078-d0d720df7b4b\" data-image-id=\"e7023aeb-bb50-4998-9078-d0d720df7b4b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le fichier RCS est créé et également joint. </p>\n<p>Tout d'abord, les phases de construction peuvent être définies dans Élément de calcul -> Phases de construction. Le temps des phases et l'application de la précontrainte peuvent être définis pour chaque phase individuelle. De nouvelles phases peuvent également être ajoutées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"170c4b64-e738-42d6-95bf-8bb9bd02c605\" data-image-id=\"170c4b64-e738-42d6-95bf-8bb9bd02c605\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/8d7ce6d5-ccba-4c71-8de5-d57e13e5cba6/Action%20stages_03.png\" data-asset-id=\"170c4b64-e738-42d6-95bf-8bb9bd02c605\" data-image-id=\"170c4b64-e738-42d6-95bf-8bb9bd02c605\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La spécification du temps pour chaque extrême de charge définit à quels moments (phases de construction) les vérifications normatives seront effectuées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"dedbcc07-3fcb-4f37-8904-d8b17cb5cfc2\" data-image-id=\"dedbcc07-3fcb-4f37-8904-d8b17cb5cfc2\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9b790018-67aa-4616-8697-38722ad6429b/Action%20stages_12.png\" data-asset-id=\"dedbcc07-3fcb-4f37-8904-d8b17cb5cfc2\" data-image-id=\"dedbcc07-3fcb-4f37-8904-d8b17cb5cfc2\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>État initial</h2>\n<p>Il existe deux possibilités pour la détermination de l'état initial dans les phases d'action :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Calculer</li>\n <li>Saisie utilisateur / Import</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Comme il a été écrit, l'état initial est défini comme l'effet total de toutes les charges permanentes, du fluage, du retrait et de la précontrainte en valeurs caractéristiques.</p>\n<p>L'explication complémentaire sera effectuée uniquement pour la deuxième phase 18250d.</p>\n<p>En savoir plus sur l'état initial pour les sections transversales composites dans <a data-item-id=\"d6f6fbca-f69a-4141-b9b9-5da07aa119a0\" href=\"\">Calcul d'une section transversale composite précontrainte dans RCS</a></p>\n<h3>Calculer</h3>\n<p>Les incréments des charges permanentes (somme des charges permanentes, du fluage et du retrait) doivent être saisis dans le tableau. Les effets de la précontrainte ne sont pas saisis ici, ils sont définis dans le tableau suivant et sont inclus automatiquement. Veuillez noter que pour la phase de construction spécifique, <strong>seuls les incréments</strong> sont saisis dans chaque ligne du tableau.</p>\n<p>Pour notre exemple, <em>N=0 kN</em> et <em>M = M</em><em><sub>dl</sub></em><em> = 222,8 kNm</em> sont saisis pour la phase t=28d.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5c511fac-4889-4536-80e2-199690fb87d1\" data-image-id=\"5c511fac-4889-4536-80e2-199690fb87d1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7a806692-c389-446a-84af-d9ec6441f10e/Action%20stages_08.png\" data-asset-id=\"5c511fac-4889-4536-80e2-199690fb87d1\" data-image-id=\"5c511fac-4889-4536-80e2-199690fb87d1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>L'inconvénient de cette méthode est que l'historique complet du chargement de la section transversale doit être défini pour obtenir les valeurs de la dernière phase. </p>\n<h3>Saisie utilisateur / Import</h3>\n<p>La somme des <strong>charges permanentes, du fluage, du retrait et de la précontrainte</strong> doit être saisie dans le tableau. </p>\n<p>Pour notre exemple, <em>N=-495 kN</em> et <em>M = M</em><em><sub>dl</sub></em><em> + M</em><em><sub>p</sub></em><em> = 0 kNm</em> sont saisis pour la phase t=18250d. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d37b20a1-aebe-4dc6-b00e-0b968e241757\" data-image-id=\"d37b20a1-aebe-4dc6-b00e-0b968e241757\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1d509690-84ee-4c8d-a824-2bdc3e78e490/Action%20stages_04.png\" data-asset-id=\"d37b20a1-aebe-4dc6-b00e-0b968e241757\" data-image-id=\"d37b20a1-aebe-4dc6-b00e-0b968e241757\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il est important de noter que ces <strong>phases</strong> (chaque ligne du tableau) <strong>sont indépendantes dans la méthode Saisie utilisateur / Import</strong>. Cela signifie que toutes les lignes n'ont pas à être remplies, ou que les lignes correspondant aux phases qui ne seront pas vérifiées peuvent être omises. En d'autres termes, même si la première ligne n'est pas remplie, les mêmes résultats sont obtenus.</p>\n<h2>Précontrainte</h2>\n<p>Il existe deux types de saisie de la précontrainte.</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Estimation des pertes de précontrainte - La contrainte maximale est appliquée au câble de précontrainte et les coefficients sont saisis</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c27f3331-1514-4130-9cba-7c9c5d5d0b47\" data-image-id=\"c27f3331-1514-4130-9cba-7c9c5d5d0b47\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/61eaba44-5ad6-445a-ac4f-202642c7ec88/Action%20stages_06.png\" data-asset-id=\"c27f3331-1514-4130-9cba-7c9c5d5d0b47\" data-image-id=\"c27f3331-1514-4130-9cba-7c9c5d5d0b47\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Contrainte après pertes à long terme - la contrainte finale lue directement à partir du modèle éléments finis est saisie. </li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"34eb1eef-e980-4cef-bdda-82c04a1ce340\" data-image-id=\"34eb1eef-e980-4cef-bdda-82c04a1ce340\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b5482301-cde2-4e8a-8718-c2aa021c8a56/Action%20stages_05.png\" data-asset-id=\"34eb1eef-e980-4cef-bdda-82c04a1ce340\" data-image-id=\"34eb1eef-e980-4cef-bdda-82c04a1ce340\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez constater que la contrainte finale est identique dans les deux cas.</p>\n<h2>Effet total de la précontrainte</h2>\n<p>Le tableau de l'effet total de la précontrainte affiche les efforts intérieurs primaires calculés à partir de la géométrie et de la contrainte dans le câble de précontrainte, ainsi que les efforts intérieurs secondaires qui doivent être saisis manuellement.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"66e9302c-9395-46ff-a476-058bf09e85f1\" data-image-id=\"66e9302c-9395-46ff-a476-058bf09e85f1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b7e83dc2-3774-425c-ab0f-eb86b5ac1639/Action%20stages_07.png\" data-asset-id=\"66e9302c-9395-46ff-a476-058bf09e85f1\" data-image-id=\"66e9302c-9395-46ff-a476-058bf09e85f1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Efforts intérieurs</h2>\n<p>Il est possible de charger les efforts intérieurs permanents à partir de l'onglet Phases d'action. Les efforts intérieurs permanents peuvent être remplis manuellement, il n'y a pas de différence.</p>\n<p>L'inclusion automatique du coefficient <em>Υ</em><em><sub>Gj,sup</sub></em> peut être utilisée. Mais pour une meilleure explication, le coefficient est fixé à 1,0. Après avoir cliqué sur le bouton Tout, les forces permanentes seront remplies.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"421a5898-5899-43b6-99e5-7c41ed716519\" data-image-id=\"421a5898-5899-43b6-99e5-7c41ed716519\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/57ac890b-d006-4bb9-9605-ec02e2273cad/Action%20stages_09.png\" data-asset-id=\"421a5898-5899-43b6-99e5-7c41ed716519\" data-image-id=\"421a5898-5899-43b6-99e5-7c41ed716519\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous obtiendrez les mêmes efforts intérieurs avec la méthode Saisie utilisateur / Import ou avec la méthode Calculer. Bien entendu, les valeurs doivent être définies comme indiqué.</p>\n<p>Le dernier élément est la charge variable. Il suffit de renseigner les valeurs dans le tableau.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5fe21f9c-460c-4ceb-8047-35ad6da69690\" data-image-id=\"5fe21f9c-460c-4ceb-8047-35ad6da69690\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/11c2be61-79cf-4d9d-b435-00ed2c3341e4/Action%20stages_10.png\" data-asset-id=\"5fe21f9c-460c-4ceb-8047-35ad6da69690\" data-image-id=\"5fe21f9c-460c-4ceb-8047-35ad6da69690\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Résultats</h2>\n<p>La situation est expliquée dans le type de résultats Réponse N-M-M. Les valeurs initiales (orange) et l'incrément (vert) sont activés.</p>\n<p>L'état initial, où la section transversale est uniquement sous compression (<em>M</em><em><sub>dl</sub></em><em> + M</em><em><sub>p</sub></em><em> = 0 kNm</em>), peut être observé. L'incrément dû à la charge variable peut également être observé. Le type de résultats Total est la somme des valeurs initiales et des incréments.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d4d77e88-3da1-4d5c-83b4-3237c58bf812\" data-image-id=\"d4d77e88-3da1-4d5c-83b4-3237c58bf812\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d16ad7aa-dfdd-4de2-9049-fca79572c7b1/Action%20stages_11.png\" data-asset-id=\"d4d77e88-3da1-4d5c-83b4-3237c58bf812\" data-image-id=\"d4d77e88-3da1-4d5c-83b4-3237c58bf812\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il peut être constaté dans le fichier joint que les résultats sont identiques pour les méthodes Calculer et Saisie utilisateur / Import.</p>"
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}Liens BIM
Versions des applications prises en charge par IDEA StatiCa 20.1 (Concrete)
Licences
Points forts des améliorations de licences :
- Possibilité de déconnexion automatique après la fermeture d'IDEA StatiCa
- IDEA StatiCa démarre 40 % plus vite
- Messages d'erreur améliorés pour vous informer du problème lié à votre licence
- Nouvelle boîte de dialogue de licence avec le bouton « Mot de passe oublié » à portée de main