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Name: Weld size differences between EC and AISC (CISC) codes
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"value": "Il existe une différence entre les définitions de la taille de soudure dans les opérations de soudage lorsque vous concevez selon les codes EC ou AISC (CISC). Veuillez en tenir compte lors de la modélisation d'un assemblage dans IDEA StatiCa."
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"value": "<p>Selon l'EN, la taille de soudure est définie par le paramètre <em>a,</em> qui correspond à <strong>l'épaisseur de gorge de soudure</strong>.</p>\n<p>Selon l'AISC (CISC), la taille de soudure est définie par le paramètre <em>z,</em> qui correspond à <strong>la longueur du côté du cordon de soudure</strong>.</p>\n<p>Vous pouvez simplement calculer <em>a</em> à partir de <em>z</em> et vice versa en utilisant le <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem\">théorème de Pythagore.</a></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e132c666-93e0-4b7f-9917-8ffc5a5dc770\" data-image-id=\"e132c666-93e0-4b7f-9917-8ffc5a5dc770\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/82cd97fe-7c32-4d7d-b803-1794a985529a/Weld_size.png\" data-asset-id=\"e132c666-93e0-4b7f-9917-8ffc5a5dc770\" data-image-id=\"e132c666-93e0-4b7f-9917-8ffc5a5dc770\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>"
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"value": "<p>Il est intéressant de constater à quel point les approches d'une même structure peuvent différer selon les régions, les entreprises, ou même entre différents concepteurs. Tandis que certains souderaient tout sans penser à un seul boulon, d'autres découperaient la structure en plusieurs parties et assembleraient le tout avec des dizaines de boulons. Ces deux approches pour assembler les éléments structurels ont leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients. </p>\n<p>Les assemblages purement soudés sont plus rigides que les assemblages boulonnés et sont donc considérés comme plus sûrs ou peuvent réduire les flèches. Mais il faut alors qu'un soudeur expérimenté (donc coûteux) soit présent sur le chantier, suspendu dans les airs en toute sécurité, souvent par des conditions météorologiques difficiles. Les contrôles de qualité des soudures ne sont parfois même pas possibles, et un travail moins précis entraîne évidemment des coûts matériaux plus élevés.</p>\n<p>Le soudage en atelier, en revanche, peut être plus précis, mais nécessite également un transport jusqu'au chantier. Et le soudage sur site est souvent coûteux à mettre en œuvre et entraîne une surconsommation de matériaux de soudage. Lisez la suite pour savoir quelle approche convient le mieux à vos projets.</p>\n<p>Vous savez déjà qu'IDEA StatiCa peut vous aider à calculer non seulement la rigidité des assemblages soudés, mais aussi à estimer les coûts de l'assemblage en fonction du type de soudure, etc. Ce n'est pas une nouveauté. <a data-item-id=\"dc6882ef-317b-417a-b684-943901355f3d\" href=\"\">Vous pouvez lire l'un de nos articles sur le calcul du coût des assemblages</a>. </p>\n<p>Mais nous pensons également que les conceptions d'assemblages doivent être aussi précises que possible tout en garantissant une résistance suffisante de l'assemblage. Et l'une de nos fonctionnalités peut vous aider précisément dans ce domaine. </p>\n<h2>Conception du contact entre le poteau et la platine de base</h2>\n<p>Imaginez que vous devez concevoir un poteau acier soudé à sa platine de base. La charge doit être transmise de la structure supérieure aux fondations. Dans certains pays, il est possible de prendre en compte le contact entre le poteau et sa platine de base lors de l'évaluation de la résistance à la compression de l'assemblage.</p>\n<p>Dans la plupart des normes, comme l'Eurocode, on suppose que la charge transite uniquement par les soudures. Par conséquent, les soudures doivent être dimensionnées de manière à résister à l'effort de compression total provenant de la structure supérieure. Néanmoins, on peut imaginer qu'il existe un certain contact entre la base du poteau et sa platine de base, même avant que ces deux éléments ne soient soudés ensemble.</p>\n<p>Dans certaines régions, les guides techniques permettent de prendre en compte ce contact lors de l'évaluation de la résistance à la compression. Bien entendu, certains critères doivent être satisfaits pour que cette approche soit autorisée. Le contact apporte alors une résistance supplémentaire à la résistance à la compression de la soudure de pied, ce qui conduit à un dimensionnement plus économique des soudures.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" data-image-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2a16ecdf-f660-47b6-bb32-9b9aeecf3314/6.png\" data-asset-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" data-image-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Le <a data-item-id=\"68076977-c9aa-4fa5-b726-09433e204c2b\" href=\"\">modèle de la soudure</a> sera alors configuré avec une rigidité élevée. Dès qu'il commence à plastifier (c'est-à-dire à se déformer plastiquement), le contact est activé et la compression est reprise par le contact. Cela conduit à des valeurs significatives de contrainte dans la soudure même lorsque le contact est appliqué. Cependant, il est important de noter que la résistance de la soudure au cisaillement n'est pas réduite. La soudure n'est plus vérifiée en compression car celle-ci est reprise par le contact, mais la traction et le cisaillement sont toujours assignés à la soudure et les vérifications appropriées sont effectuées.</p>\n<p>En pratique, vous ajouterez simultanément un contact <strong>et</strong> une soudure sur les bords appropriés de l'élément (le poteau dans ce cas). Du point de vue du transfert de charge, le contact sera efficace uniquement en compression tandis que les soudures transmettront les efforts de cisaillement et de traction. Les deux opérations sont disponibles sous l'opération de fabrication « Soudure ou contact ».</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"29614fc0-aa03-499c-b343-7c518253d397\" data-image-id=\"29614fc0-aa03-499c-b343-7c518253d397\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d7f5114a-1fcd-4da4-9496-44a11d412653/1.png\" data-asset-id=\"29614fc0-aa03-499c-b343-7c518253d397\" data-image-id=\"29614fc0-aa03-499c-b343-7c518253d397\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Voici ce que vous verrez dans IDEA StatiCa Connection :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Une ligne rouge représentant le contact en compression est combinée avec une ligne jaune utilisée pour indiquer les soudures (lorsque la vue transparente est activée)</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9a6d9cfe-6a47-4004-ac16-16dc15eadf5d\" data-image-id=\"9a6d9cfe-6a47-4004-ac16-16dc15eadf5d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6af8d357-08a5-4696-bc89-3f5b3938463a/5.png\" data-asset-id=\"9a6d9cfe-6a47-4004-ac16-16dc15eadf5d\" data-image-id=\"9a6d9cfe-6a47-4004-ac16-16dc15eadf5d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<ul>\n <li>Dans les résultats et les rapports, une flèche pointant vers le bas a été ajoutée à côté du symbole rectangulaire de la soudure d'angle</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"49e646c3-621b-4946-98c5-3330d6b697dc\" data-image-id=\"49e646c3-621b-4946-98c5-3330d6b697dc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/40b0ff4a-152f-4245-af7e-7424793620db/7.png\" data-asset-id=\"49e646c3-621b-4946-98c5-3330d6b697dc\" data-image-id=\"49e646c3-621b-4946-98c5-3330d6b697dc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous pouvez appliquer tout type de soudure d'angle en combinaison avec le contact (c'est-à-dire continue, partielle ou intermittente). Les soudures bout à bout ne sont pas combinées par nature.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"29ab325a-b8f5-4f92-93af-d4e9a10b81c8\" data-image-id=\"29ab325a-b8f5-4f92-93af-d4e9a10b81c8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d2b3e9c9-3586-4eeb-963a-70e24edca19c/4.png\" data-asset-id=\"29ab325a-b8f5-4f92-93af-d4e9a10b81c8\" data-image-id=\"29ab325a-b8f5-4f92-93af-d4e9a10b81c8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h3>Limitations de la procédure</h3>\n<p>L'approche présentée peut être appliquée lorsque les opérations de fabrication réelles sont garanties : les bords de l'élément soudé doivent être <strong>précisément</strong> <strong>usinés </strong>de sorte qu'il n'y ait <strong>aucun</strong> <strong>jeu </strong>entre les éléments soudés. En raison de ces critères stricts, cette procédure est limitée à certains pays tels que <a href=\"https://www.steel.org.au/getattachment/f68b3f37-530a-4316-8c4e-e2617a95b7de/Detailing-considerations-Design-Guide-7_bk745.pdf\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">les Pays-Bas</a> et le Royaume-Uni. Nous ne saurions trop insister sur le fait que la responsabilité du respect de ces critères incombe à l'ingénieur.</p>\n<h3>En savoir plus </h3>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"ddfe7eda-4125-461a-b0f1-90de133d5cc6\" href=\"\">La combinaison du contact en compression</a> et d'une soudure sur le même bord de la plaque acier est l'une des nouvelles fonctionnalités de la version 22.1 d'IDEA StatiCa publiée en octobre de cette année. Consultez la liste complète des nouvelles fonctionnalités dans nos <a data-item-id=\"8136efc3-3a87-48df-9cb2-890edbe4cfb2\" href=\"\">Notes de version d'IDEA StatiCa 22.1</a> pour l'acier et le béton, ou regardez une présentation en direct dans notre webinaire de lancement <a data-item-id=\"16d6512d-82ee-4689-823f-5998c9421d66\" href=\"\">Nouveautés d'IDEA StatiCa 22.1</a>.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n8b4e39d2_e33e_018e_aee1_f82c7dba7f71\"></object>"
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"value": "<h2>Modèle de boulon selon CBFEM</h2>\n<p>IDEA StatiCa dispose d'une méthode unique dans son solveur, la <a data-item-id=\"6e068636-6a02-5d0e-89ad-6dcff4e21151\" href=\"\">Méthode des Éléments Finis basée sur les composants (CBFEM)</a>. Le modèle de boulon utilisé dans le CBFEM est décrit et vérifié selon plusieurs codes de calcul des structures acier. La résistance aux charges et la capacité de déformation sont également comparées aux principaux programmes de recherche expérimentale.</p>\n<p>Dans la Méthode des Éléments Finis basée sur les composants (CBFEM), le boulon avec son comportement en traction, en cisaillement et en pression diamétrale est le composant décrit par des ressorts non linéaires dépendants. Le boulon en traction est décrit par un ressort avec sa rigidité initiale axiale, sa résistance de calcul, l'initialisation de la plastification et la capacité de déformation. Pour l'initialisation de la plastification et la capacité de déformation, il est supposé que la déformation plastique se produit uniquement dans la partie filetée de la tige du boulon.</p>\n<p>Dans notre base théorique, vous pouvez trouver <a data-item-id=\"c2cc67f3-4000-4959-a195-b28becf63f2a\" href=\"\">plus d'informations sur la façon dont la méthode CBFEM décrit et vérifie les boulons</a>. Si vous souhaitez en savoir un peu plus sur CBFEM en général, la <a data-item-id=\"d4aa2923-a94a-4c40-8fd8-93608acbf893\" href=\"\">base théorique générale</a> complète est définitivement le meilleur point de départ.</p>\n<h2>Boulons selon les codes de calcul</h2>\n<p>Voyons comment CBFEM aborde les boulons du point de vue des différents codes de calcul. Jusqu'à présent, IDEA StatiCa prend en charge huit codes de calcul dans lesquels le dimensionnement et/ou le détaillage des boulons et des boulons précontraints sont traités. </p>\n<h3>Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon l'Eurocode</h3>\n<p>La rigidité initiale et la résistance de calcul des boulons en cisaillement sont modélisées dans CBFEM conformément aux articles 3.6 et 6.3.2 de l'EN 1993-1-8. Le ressort représentant la pression diamétrale et la traction a un comportement bilinéaire force-déformation avec une rigidité initiale et une résistance de calcul conformément aux articles 3.6 et 6.3.2 de l'EN 1993-1-8.</p>\n<p><strong>Détaillage </strong></p>\n<p>La vérification des boulons est effectuée si l'option est sélectionnée dans la configuration du code. Les dimensions du centre du boulon aux bords de la platine et entre les boulons sont vérifiées. La distance au bord <em>e</em> = 1,2 et l'espacement entre les boulons <em>p</em> = 2,2 sont recommandés dans le Tableau 3.3 de l'EN 1993-1-8. Les utilisateurs peuvent modifier ces deux valeurs dans la configuration du code.</p>\n<h3>Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon l'AISC</h3>\n<p>Les efforts dans les boulons sont déterminés par analyse par éléments finis. Les efforts de traction incluent les efforts de levier. Les résistances des boulons sont vérifiées conformément à l'AISC 360 - Chapitre J3.</p>\n<p><strong>Détaillage </strong></p>\n<p>L'espacement minimal entre les boulons et la distance du centre du boulon au bord d'une pièce assemblée sont vérifiés. L'espacement minimal de 2,66 fois (modifiable dans la configuration du code) le diamètre nominal du boulon entre les centres des boulons est vérifié conformément à l'AISC 360-16 – J.3.3. La distance minimale du centre du boulon au bord d'une pièce assemblée est vérifiée conformément à l'AISC 360-16 – J.3.4 ; les valeurs figurent dans les Tableaux J3.4 et J3.4M.</p>\n<h3>Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon d'autres normes</h3>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-and-preloaded-bolts-according-to-cisc\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon la CISC (Canada)</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-and-preloaded-bolts-according-to-chinese-standard\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon la norme chinoise (GB)</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-according-to-hong-kong-code\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vérification des boulons selon le Code de Hong Kong (HKG)</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-according-to-is-800\">Vérification des boulons précontraints selon IS 800 (Inde)</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-and-preloaded-bolts-according-to-sp\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon SP (Russie)</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/check-of-bolts-and-preloaded-bolts-according-to-as\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vérification des boulons et des boulons précontraints selon AS (Australie)</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Détaillage des boulons </h2>\n<p><strong>Comment définir les distances</strong></p>\n<p>Les distances au bord utilisées pour la résistance à la pression diamétrale des boulons doivent être adaptées aux géométries générales de platines, aux platines avec ouvertures, découpes, etc.</p>\n<p>L'algorithme lit la direction réelle du vecteur de force de cisaillement résultant dans un boulon donné, puis calcule les distances nécessaires pour la vérification de la pression diamétrale.</p>\n<p>Les distances en bout (<em>e</em><sub>1</sub>) et en bord (<em>e</em><sub>2</sub>) sont déterminées en divisant le contour de la platine en trois segments. Le segment en bout est indiqué par une plage de 60° dans la direction du vecteur de force. Les segments en bord sont définis par deux plages de 65° perpendiculaires au vecteur de force. La distance la plus courte d'un boulon à un segment pertinent est ensuite prise comme distance en bout ou en bord.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"206cf95d-3010-4d11-ab8a-aceb3f62bdc6\" data-image-id=\"206cf95d-3010-4d11-ab8a-aceb3f62bdc6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c166c28a-3f8f-4d50-99ba-857ed9b01e6c/Bolt%20bearing%20distances%201.png\" data-asset-id=\"206cf95d-3010-4d11-ab8a-aceb3f62bdc6\" data-image-id=\"206cf95d-3010-4d11-ab8a-aceb3f62bdc6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les distances d'espacement entre les trous de boulons (<em>p</em><sub>1</sub> ; <em>p</em><sub>2</sub>) sont déterminées en agrandissant virtuellement les trous de boulons environnants d'un demi-diamètre, puis en traçant deux lignes dans la direction et perpendiculairement au vecteur de force de cisaillement. Les distances aux trous de boulons agrandis intersectés par ces lignes sont ensuite considérées comme <em>p</em><sub>1</sub> et <em>p</em><sub>2</sub> dans le calcul.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"15a106be-af4c-4966-ac50-a889863e1a5c\" data-image-id=\"15a106be-af4c-4966-ac50-a889863e1a5c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b8152921-f220-412f-81de-8c8c83d7e2c2/Bolt%20bearing%20distances%202.png\" data-asset-id=\"15a106be-af4c-4966-ac50-a889863e1a5c\" data-image-id=\"15a106be-af4c-4966-ac50-a889863e1a5c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Exemples de vérification</h2>\n<p>Nous avons préparé plusieurs exemples de vérification pour contrôler les résultats en comparaison avec d'autres méthodes de calcul.</p>\n<h4>EN</h4>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/bolted-connection-splices-in-shear\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage boulonné - Éclisses en cisaillement</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/bolted-connection-interaction-of-shear-and-tension\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage boulonné - Interaction cisaillement et traction</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/haunched-joint-capacity-design\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage avec jarret – dimensionnement en capacité</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h4>AISC</h4>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/bolted-splice-connection\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage boulonné par éclissage</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/bolted-flange-plate-moment-connection-lrfd\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage boulonné à platine d'aile pour moment – LRFD</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/extended-moment-end-plate-connection-asd\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assemblage à platine d'extrémité prolongée pour moment – ASD</a></li>\n</ul>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"ddfbbc7a_1522_0160_19f6_47919a9b7f83\"></object>\n<h2>Technologie brevetée pour les ingénieurs structure</h2>\n<p>Saviez-vous que notre solution de modèle de boulon fait partie d'un brevet américain ? Lisez <a data-item-id=\"627bdc92-14f2-416a-b7ef-7df116ea3e73\" href=\"\">ici</a> notre histoire de succès. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2546f7fb-18b9-4671-8e1b-238a6ec1b0e9\" data-image-id=\"2546f7fb-18b9-4671-8e1b-238a6ec1b0e9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a0abb5ad-7dba-4687-bfd8-e64fa9c03512/756213100-huge.jpg\" data-asset-id=\"2546f7fb-18b9-4671-8e1b-238a6ec1b0e9\" data-image-id=\"2546f7fb-18b9-4671-8e1b-238a6ec1b0e9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2> Assemblage à un boulon - notre solution </h2>\n<p>Parfois, l'ingénieur doit réaliser un <strong>assemblage avec un seul boulon</strong>, notamment lorsqu'une rotule, un contreventement, une barre ou une diagonale est prévue. Pour modéliser et calculer ce type d'opération, vous devez définir un <strong>type de modèle</strong> approprié pour l'élément. Pour en savoir plus, consultez <a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/how-to-model-one-bolt-connection\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ici</a>. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"cca7ed64-cf29-48bd-bb61-96c49f4f1285\" data-image-id=\"cca7ed64-cf29-48bd-bb61-96c49f4f1285\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/edfb27a5-88b9-4f39-ac2b-bd319f37ee29/Model%20type%200.png\" data-asset-id=\"cca7ed64-cf29-48bd-bb61-96c49f4f1285\" data-image-id=\"cca7ed64-cf29-48bd-bb61-96c49f4f1285\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Boulons, soudures et rigidité d'un assemblage</h2>\n<p>Les boulons et les soudures ont chacun leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients. L'un des aspects importants lors du choix d'un assemblage est sa rigidité prévue. En général, un assemblage boulonné n'est jamais aussi rigide qu'un assemblage soudé. Si vous choisissez un assemblage boulonné, nous recommandons de calculer la rigidité d'un tel assemblage et de prendre en compte la rigidité résultante dans la structure globale. Vous pouvez lire à quoi ressemble un tel calcul et ce qu'il implique <a data-item-id=\"6726bbc6-1826-4c43-9253-b8f6e0ab39a9\" href=\"\">ici</a>, ou regarder cette <a data-item-id=\"ab4c1281-d0ce-5c97-95ef-3c369206d272\" href=\"\">vidéo</a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3ad5d43d-0568-4816-837a-543530a44c5c\" data-image-id=\"3ad5d43d-0568-4816-837a-543530a44c5c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d43f402a-8463-4e51-b040-bcbadaaab500/stiffness.png\" data-asset-id=\"3ad5d43d-0568-4816-837a-543530a44c5c\" data-image-id=\"3ad5d43d-0568-4816-837a-543530a44c5c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"untitled_content_item_a1697b4\"></object>"
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"value": "<h2>Modèle de soudure selon CBFEM</h2>\n<p>IDEA StatiCa dispose d'une méthode unique dans son solveur, la Méthode des Éléments Finis basée sur les composants (CBFEM). Le modèle de soudure utilisé dans <a data-item-id=\"6e068636-6a02-5d0e-89ad-6dcff4e21151\" href=\"\">CBFEM</a> est décrit et vérifié selon plusieurs normes de calcul des structures en acier. La résistance à la charge et la capacité de déformation sont également comparées aux principaux programmes de recherche expérimentale.</p>\n<p>Il existe plusieurs façons de traiter les soudures dans les modèles numériques. Les grandes déformations rendent l'analyse mécanique plus complexe et il est possible d'utiliser différentes descriptions de maillage, différentes variables cinétiques et cinématiques, ainsi que des modèles constitutifs variés. En général, différents types de modèles géométriques 2D et 3D, et donc d'éléments finis, sont utilisés selon leur applicabilité à différents niveaux de précision. Le modèle de matériau le plus couramment appliqué est le modèle de plasticité classique indépendant du taux, basé sur le <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Mises_yield_criterion\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">critère de plasticité de von Mises</a>. Les contraintes résiduelles et les déformations dues au soudage ne sont pas prises en compte dans le modèle de calcul.</p>\n<p>La charge est transmise par des contraintes force-déformation basées sur la formulation lagrangienne vers la plaque opposée. L'assemblage est appelé contrainte multi-points (MPC) et relie les nœuds d'éléments finis d'un bord de plaque à un autre bord ou à une surface. Les nœuds d'éléments finis ne sont pas connectés directement. L'avantage de cette approche est la capacité de connecter des maillages de densités différentes. La contrainte permet de modéliser la surface médiane des plaques assemblées avec un décalage qui respecte la configuration réelle de la soudure et l'épaisseur de gorge. La distribution des charges dans la soudure est dérivée du MPC, de sorte que les contraintes sont calculées dans la section de gorge. Ceci est important pour la distribution des contraintes dans la plaque sous la soudure et pour la modélisation des tronçons en T.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" data-image-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/0bd27c97-ebab-4887-9fc1-d9027cdf3df8/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Welds.png\" data-asset-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" data-image-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Dans notre base théorique, vous trouverez <a data-item-id=\"68076977-c9aa-4fa5-b726-09433e204c2b\" href=\"\">plus d'informations sur la façon dont la méthode CBFEM décrit et vérifie les soudures</a>.</p>\n<p>Si vous souhaitez en savoir un peu plus sur CBFEM en général, la <a data-item-id=\"d4aa2923-a94a-4c40-8fd8-93608acbf893\" href=\"\">base théorique générale</a> complète est définitivement le meilleur point de départ.</p>\n<h2>Soudures selon les normes et standards</h2>\n<h3>Soudures selon l'AISC</h3>\n<p>Les soudures d'angle sont vérifiées conformément à l'AISC 360 - Chapitre J2. La résistance des soudures en bout CJP est supposée identique à celle du métal de base et n'est pas vérifiée. Comme la plupart des utilisateurs d'IDEA StatiCa en ont l'habitude, toutes les valeurs requises pour les vérifications sont présentées dans des tableaux.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f9fa3bce-8f47-4f75-a081-ad507e953c2f\" data-image-id=\"f9fa3bce-8f47-4f75-a081-ad507e953c2f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d2437755-1175-479b-97e8-4b24262b7021/welds_check.png\" data-asset-id=\"f9fa3bce-8f47-4f75-a081-ad507e953c2f\" data-image-id=\"f9fa3bce-8f47-4f75-a081-ad507e953c2f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>En ce qui concerne le <strong>détail des soudures</strong>, la taille minimale et maximale de la soudure ainsi que la longueur suffisante de la soudure sont vérifiées. La taille maximale de la soudure est vérifiée conformément à l'AISC 360-16 – J2. La taille minimale de la soudure est vérifiée conformément au Tableau J2.4. Une description détaillée des paramètres peut être trouvée <a data-item-id=\"ffe45899-4875-4394-a9b5-bf87455fc52d\" href=\"\">dans cet article</a>. </p>\n<p>Pour vous assurer que vos calculs sont complets et précis, les résultats d'IDEA StatiCa sont rigoureusement testés et vérifiés conformément aux exigences de l'AISC : </p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"1cfcffb1-e431-5b5b-8443-ee54c95352b1\" href=\"\">Éclisse soudée</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"1bd92fd0-aecf-58ba-88f1-818decf973c4\" href=\"\">Assemblage à double cornière entièrement soudé</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"ed81d3c1-f275-5cda-a7c7-6449e5c30312\" href=\"\">Soudure simple</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"ee2fa588-af99-5602-a575-3e0bfd234c67\" href=\"\">Soudure simple - LRFD</a> </li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/all?category=verification_example&label=aisc\">et bien d'autres encore</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Soudures selon l'Eurocode</h3>\n<p>Les soudures d'angle sont vérifiées conformément à l'EN 1993-1-8. Dans ce cas, la préoccupation de l'ingénieur porte sur la résistance de calcul et le taux de travail de la soudure. </p>\n<p>La redistribution plastique dans les soudures est utilisée pour éviter automatiquement les singularités de contrainte dans les éléments de soudure, afin de redistribuer la contrainte sur toute la longueur de la soudure. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6e157615-f2aa-4114-a7f9-b88331f68286\" data-image-id=\"6e157615-f2aa-4114-a7f9-b88331f68286\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a0f463d1-7875-431b-81ee-82ea9151b974/stress_in_weld.png\" data-asset-id=\"6e157615-f2aa-4114-a7f9-b88331f68286\" data-image-id=\"6e157615-f2aa-4114-a7f9-b88331f68286\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Il est également important de noter que la résistance des soudures bout à bout est supposée identique à celle du métal de base et n'est pas vérifiée. </p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus sur la <a data-item-id=\"df238e7d-f2f3-4b2a-beec-3b7e8f11651e\" href=\"\">vérification normative des soudures selon l'Eurocode</a>, notre base théorique peut à nouveau vous être utile. </p>\n<p><strong>Vérifications des assemblages soudés selon l'Eurocode</strong> :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"ebf3225a-7603-4d57-9370-040e27c3f66f\" href=\"\">Soudure d'angle en assemblage par recouvrement</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"44fdfc71-52f9-459d-abb7-7fa4a9d7066d\" href=\"\">Soudure d'angle en assemblage à platine d'âme</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"104ffb3c-62ca-4dd9-8107-23b3fcc189e5\" href=\"\">Soudure d'angle en assemblage à plaque cornière</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"9452524f-95da-45b1-80ed-3494014278af\" href=\"\">Assemblage de portique soudé à moment en tête de poteau</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/search?q=weld&category=verification_example&label=eurocode\">et bien d'autres encore</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Soudures selon d'autres normes</h3>\n<p>La plupart d'entre vous le savent déjà, IDEA StatiCa vous permet de vérifier les assemblages acier selon huit normes et standards nationaux à ce jour. Outre l'AISC et l'Eurocode mentionnés ci-dessus, voici comment les soudures sont traitées par CBFEM dans les autres normes : </p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"cb00295b-bfcf-4c0f-8743-8532e311ca7b\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon CISC (Canada)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"538b8bcb-f287-4259-b4e2-787c9792c367\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon AS (Australie)</a> + <a data-item-id=\"0f650241-104b-4d76-acdc-d1c36de7aa20\" href=\"\">Détail des soudures</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"dad4f217-a192-41c1-bd71-6b540978346e\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon SP (Russie)</a> + <a data-item-id=\"da3851cf-a0e4-4a56-a74e-92980edcb861\" href=\"\">Détail des soudures</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"0e848bd9-17f2-4448-83de-33c5b19bbde8\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon GB (Chine)</a> + <a data-item-id=\"d3ac46ce-2b78-4cec-b1b5-ca4ef2fb51e7\" href=\"\">Détail des soudures</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"e301fcc8-cc43-42a4-8480-8a72357cd91f\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon HKG (Hong Kong)</a> + <a data-item-id=\"749477a9-b9d6-4808-913c-21603f384d8e\" href=\"\">Détail des soudures</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"5d152fe4-3e0b-4905-b4d2-56dd1e255416\" href=\"\">Vérification des soudures selon IS (Inde)</a> + <a data-item-id=\"3a55bcb9-6742-4915-b914-65903449fa9d\" href=\"\">Détail des soudures</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Transmission des soudures dans les liens BIM</h2>\n<p>Lors de la modélisation d'un assemblage acier dans un logiciel CAO avec les liens BIM d'IDEA StatiCa, il existait auparavant quelques points faibles concernant les soudures. La nouvelle version 20.1 d'IDEA StatiCa, publiée en octobre 2020, a apporté plusieurs améliorations pour faciliter le travail de l'ingénieur et accélérer le processus de calcul. </p>\n<h3>Export des soudures recommandées</h3>\n<p>Parfois, lors du processus de modélisation dans un logiciel CAO, quelques soudures peuvent être omises ou ne pas être importées correctement. Pour de telles situations, il existe désormais une option permettant d'ajouter des soudures recommandées. Lorsque vous choisissez cette option, une vérification des soudures potentiellement manquantes est effectuée. Ces soudures sont ensuite ajoutées et importées avec le reste des composants. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" data-image-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e38caf39-0947-4aff-be81-7d3eb57ada99/Screenshot%202020-10-05%20122254.png\" data-asset-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" data-image-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h3>Vérification des soudures manquantes</h3>\n<p>Pour éviter les <a data-item-id=\"9831da0e-b8f1-415e-9654-03ffa0408086\" href=\"\">singularités dans votre assemblage</a>, une fois l'assemblage transféré dans IDEA StatiCa, il est conseillé de vérifier s'il ne manque pas de soudures dans le nœud. À cet effet, nous avons ajouté un autre outil utile pour aider automatiquement l'utilisateur à identifier les parties non soudées de l'assemblage. Cette fonctionnalité identifie et répertorie toutes les plaques et bords de plaques concernés, et permet d'ajouter les soudures manquantes.</p>\n<p>Vous pouvez accéder à cette fonctionnalité par un clic droit sur Opérations dans l'arborescence des entités sur le côté droit de la scène.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" data-image-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/12b10280-2125-44a3-b60e-6031f87a3e03/Missing%20welds.png\" data-asset-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" data-image-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Résumé</h2>\n<p>Le calcul des assemblages dans IDEA StatiCa intègre un modèle CBFEM vérifié des soudures, qui permet la vérification normative, une redistribution réaliste des contraintes et l'assemblage de plaques avec des maillages de densités différentes. La validité des résultats est démontrée sur un ensemble d'exemples pour chaque norme de calcul. Le modèle éléments finis est généré automatiquement, ce qui constitue un avantage considérable par rapport aux logiciels éléments finis généraux. Récemment, plusieurs améliorations ont été apportées pour accélérer le processus d'importation des assemblages depuis les logiciels CAO.</p>\n<p>Les soudures sont un excellent moyen d'assembler des structures en acier, mais les ingénieurs ont besoin d'un outil précis et rapide pour leur dimensionnement et leur vérification normative. C'est pourquoi il est recommandé d'utiliser IDEA StatiCa dans vos projets. </p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n5114d9e4_a159_01c6_4cbf_533aeff0d50f\"></object>\n<p>Si vous souhaitez améliorer vos compétences en calcul d'assemblages, pourquoi ne pas essayer notre formation en ligne <a data-item-id=\"3e6d7716-0c0c-4aa5-b3f1-bbc0bededcbc\" href=\"\">IDEA StatiCa Campus</a> ?</p>"
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"value": "<h2>Contexte théorique</h2>\n<p>Retrouvez les informations essentielles sur le modèle de soudure dans notre Contexte théorique. La partie générale décrit le modèle de calcul lui-même :</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/general-theoretical-background#Welded_connections_analysis\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contexte théorique : Analyse des assemblages soudés</a></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"455c8fb8-27c8-4c3e-ab28-341376c03fa3\" data-image-id=\"455c8fb8-27c8-4c3e-ab28-341376c03fa3\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a62801a2-1d6a-4743-8627-e232e90e69d9/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Plate%20model%20and%20mesh%20convergence%201200%20x%20630.png\" data-asset-id=\"455c8fb8-27c8-4c3e-ab28-341376c03fa3\" data-image-id=\"455c8fb8-27c8-4c3e-ab28-341376c03fa3\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Parties spécifiques du Contexte théorique pour chacune des normes nationales prises en charge :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"df238e7d-f2f3-4b2a-beec-3b7e8f11651e\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (EN)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"6a4c43f3-4910-44fa-9a88-a9f70967f647\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (AISC)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"cb00295b-bfcf-4c0f-8743-8532e311ca7b\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (CISC)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"538b8bcb-f287-4259-b4e2-787c9792c367\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (AS)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"5d152fe4-3e0b-4905-b4d2-56dd1e255416\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (IS)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"e301fcc8-cc43-42a4-8480-8a72357cd91f\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (HKG)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"0e848bd9-17f2-4448-83de-33c5b19bbde8\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (GB)</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"dad4f217-a192-41c1-bd71-6b540978346e\" href=\"\">Vérification normative des soudures (SP)</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Vous trouverez une démonstration claire de l'évolution des contraintes au cours du chargement, ainsi qu'une discussion sur la distribution des contraintes le long des soudures longues, dans l'article <a data-item-id=\"1bfd3251-61f8-5fec-b5a4-08d1a6fe5b5f\" href=\"\">Comment les soudures sont-elles modélisées dans IDEA StatiCa</a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8c940183-360c-484a-ab14-dcfdcfbbd29b\" data-image-id=\"8c940183-360c-484a-ab14-dcfdcfbbd29b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9e3dc390-df9d-4ee5-a959-7c4cfa9aca3b/welds_distr.png\" data-asset-id=\"8c940183-360c-484a-ab14-dcfdcfbbd29b\" data-image-id=\"8c940183-360c-484a-ab14-dcfdcfbbd29b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Les soudures et les assemblages soudés sont également abordés dans nos articles de blog <a data-item-id=\"de840e15-4e8e-4a27-8715-b8f27e643682\" href=\"\">Assemblages acier soudés – faut-il s'en inquiéter ?</a> et <a data-item-id=\"3caa8db0-05d2-4ae4-9175-763a14f01252\" href=\"\">Réduire les coûts de soudage grâce à une fabrication optimisée</a> (où est discutée la combinaison du transfert de charge par soudure et du contact en compression).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" data-image-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2a16ecdf-f660-47b6-bb32-9b9aeecf3314/6.png\" data-asset-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" data-image-id=\"eb79d5c6-d879-4afb-a5c1-5df03982810a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Dimension et longueur de soudure</h2>\n<p>La définition de la dimension de la soudure varie selon les régions. Consultez l'article <a data-item-id=\"8af403c6-c098-56ce-96ee-3daaeaf4639e\" href=\"\">Dimension et longueur de soudure</a> pour savoir comment IDEA StatiCa définit la dimension de la soudure ou si vous avez besoin de connaître la longueur exacte de la soudure :</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"291e03d6-32ca-40af-903f-3620de689301\" data-image-id=\"291e03d6-32ca-40af-903f-3620de689301\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/67cc32f0-0506-4cdf-9637-0bc86dfefa54/Weld%20size.png\" data-asset-id=\"291e03d6-32ca-40af-903f-3620de689301\" data-image-id=\"291e03d6-32ca-40af-903f-3620de689301\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Vérifications</h2>\n<p>Dans notre Centre de support, vous trouverez de nombreuses études de vérification décrivant les performances de différents modèles d'assemblages soudés, ainsi que des comparaisons avec des essais en laboratoire.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/search?category=verification_example&q=weld\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Études de vérification sur les modèles avec soudures</a></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5acc5b19-3a08-4b30-8dca-6793bcfd19a7\" data-image-id=\"5acc5b19-3a08-4b30-8dca-6793bcfd19a7\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/47ea3d3f-dff3-49c7-8e5f-5abab34e343d/04-1-fig7.png\" data-asset-id=\"5acc5b19-3a08-4b30-8dca-6793bcfd19a7\" data-image-id=\"5acc5b19-3a08-4b30-8dca-6793bcfd19a7\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>Mises à jour dans les versions</h2>\n<p>Les fonctionnalités suivantes font partie des notes de version d'IDEA StatiCa et peuvent être liées aux soudures. Pour en savoir plus sur ces fonctionnalités, consultez les articles dédiés via les liens :</p>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"c1adb56e-c715-4213-b637-bc94b8f84def\" href=\"\"><strong>Vérification des soudures manquantes</strong></a><strong> </strong>(version 20.1)</p>\n<p>Nous avons ajouté un nouvel outil utile pour aider automatiquement l'utilisateur à identifier les parties non soudées de l'assemblage : l'utilitaire permettant d'analyser un modèle d'assemblage pour détecter les soudures potentiellement manquantes. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" data-image-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/12b10280-2125-44a3-b60e-6031f87a3e03/Missing%20welds.png\" data-asset-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" data-image-id=\"450a4d6a-d571-4297-a195-63e33fdd30bc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"d38299a4-0ea1-44c0-bf31-c2b61ad0d63b\" href=\"\"><strong>Import des soudures recommandées</strong></a> (version 20.1)</p>\n<p>Lors de l'importation d'un assemblage depuis un logiciel CAO, il est désormais possible d'ajouter des soudures recommandées. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" data-image-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e38caf39-0947-4aff-be81-7d3eb57ada99/Screenshot%202020-10-05%20122254.png\" data-asset-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" data-image-id=\"66cc6cf4-0454-4973-80d1-c036df7af58d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"040fcb75-d544-4d75-bc49-182d150177d7\" href=\"\"><strong>Modèle amélioré des soudures bout à bout</strong></a> (version 20.1)</p>\n<p>La dimension des soudures bout à bout a été corrigée pour les soudures bout à bout bord-sur-surface. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"401d916b-5fa2-4561-9051-9a6544652cea\" data-image-id=\"401d916b-5fa2-4561-9051-9a6544652cea\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/20b7b61e-2508-4f74-9c1e-355619627e82/Butt%20welds%20upgraded%20model.png\" data-asset-id=\"401d916b-5fa2-4561-9051-9a6544652cea\" data-image-id=\"401d916b-5fa2-4561-9051-9a6544652cea\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"6a1966e1-7905-4ced-a002-c8f568072d4c\" href=\"\"><strong>Spécificités de la vérification normative des soudures selon l'Eurocode (EN) et la norme indienne (IS)</strong></a><strong> </strong>(version 21.1)</p>\n<p>Afin de se conformer aux normes et de garantir la sécurité du calcul, la valeur de résistance prise en compte dans la vérification normative des soudures est désormais calculée à partir de la valeur de résistance de l'acier de base pour les normes EN et IS, ainsi que du matériau de soudure lui-même.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5062c6bd-0e2b-4f50-817b-0540cb5d686d\" data-image-id=\"5062c6bd-0e2b-4f50-817b-0540cb5d686d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/59c4504e-b3b9-4dc2-8b14-4f121a23e1c3/Welds1.png\" data-asset-id=\"5062c6bd-0e2b-4f50-817b-0540cb5d686d\" data-image-id=\"5062c6bd-0e2b-4f50-817b-0540cb5d686d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"ddfe7eda-4125-461a-b0f1-90de133d5cc6\" href=\"\"><strong>Combinaison des opérations de soudure et de contact</strong></a><strong> </strong>(version 22.1)</p>\n<p>Depuis la version 22.1, les opérations de soudure et de contact peuvent être combinées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e5be481f-5e66-43a8-8573-fdbc4d74a541\" data-image-id=\"e5be481f-5e66-43a8-8573-fdbc4d74a541\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/4dd4d3e4-77f0-4c14-9801-e9183f26cca6/WaC.png\" data-asset-id=\"e5be481f-5e66-43a8-8573-fdbc4d74a541\" data-image-id=\"e5be481f-5e66-43a8-8573-fdbc4d74a541\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"102a323e-f663-4c3a-8a1e-1c95edec23c6\" href=\"\"><strong>Vérification des conflits entre plaques et soudures</strong></a><strong> </strong>(version 22.1)</p>\n<p>Les plaques et les parties du modèle peuvent être positionnées de manière à entrer en collision avec d'autres plaques et éléments. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b2f8fc0a-893b-4d9a-8648-092ef3a5e88b\" data-image-id=\"b2f8fc0a-893b-4d9a-8648-092ef3a5e88b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d631a548-e7ca-4f84-a3c1-5c0207280cc0/clash3.png\" data-asset-id=\"b2f8fc0a-893b-4d9a-8648-092ef3a5e88b\" data-image-id=\"b2f8fc0a-893b-4d9a-8648-092ef3a5e88b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"d0b2eca2-e40d-4ac8-bf4e-d2d0f8e09fbf\" href=\"\"><strong>Vérification des soudures des sections soudées</strong></a><strong> </strong>(version 23.0)</p>\n<p>IDEA StatiCa peut désormais vérifier les soudures longitudinales des éléments à sections transversales soudées.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"388ba76a-be74-4fed-b0bb-9d7000ba1cad\" data-image-id=\"388ba76a-be74-4fed-b0bb-9d7000ba1cad\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b60903c8-dc26-4604-bc81-96d35d003afb/Welded-sections%200.png\" data-asset-id=\"388ba76a-be74-4fed-b0bb-9d7000ba1cad\" data-image-id=\"388ba76a-be74-4fed-b0bb-9d7000ba1cad\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b4706514-8348-4710-918e-fd6b6e80c5f5\" href=\"\"><strong>Visualisation améliorée de la vérification des soudures</strong></a> (version 23.0)</p>\n<p>La vérification des soudures par la Méthode des Éléments Finis diffère des calculs de dimensionnement traditionnels. Dans les calculs traditionnels, les petites excentricités, déformations, torsions, coefficient de Poisson, etc. peuvent être négligés.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8f86157e-4555-4525-aff0-fb388b0d718f\" data-image-id=\"8f86157e-4555-4525-aff0-fb388b0d718f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/172ca452-c56d-40ca-afc4-9dc406734d70/weldchecktable.png\" data-asset-id=\"8f86157e-4555-4525-aff0-fb388b0d718f\" data-image-id=\"8f86157e-4555-4525-aff0-fb388b0d718f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"5f4c7d1f-5145-4fa0-a9bf-535808187857\" href=\"\"><strong>Améliorations des règles de détaillage pour les boulons et les soudures selon l'Eurocode</strong></a> (version 23.0)</p>\n<p>La vérification du détaillage dans IDEA StatiCa Connection est améliorée. Les ingénieurs disposent d'une meilleure vue d'ensemble du dimensionnement et de la vérification normative des boulons et des soudures grâce à des informations détaillées et des recommandations conformes à l'Eurocode, fournies dans les tableaux de vérification ainsi que dans le rapport.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6dca1495-d3ba-4128-84fc-1b5d279d3440\" data-image-id=\"6dca1495-d3ba-4128-84fc-1b5d279d3440\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9e0a6490-1e33-44fa-ab30-1247a201de0f/Detailing%20improvements_main%20image.png\" data-asset-id=\"6dca1495-d3ba-4128-84fc-1b5d279d3440\" data-image-id=\"6dca1495-d3ba-4128-84fc-1b5d279d3440\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b4706514-8348-4710-918e-fd6b6e80c5f5\" href=\"\"><strong>Électrodes de soudage définies par l'utilisateur</strong></a> (version 23.1)</p>\n<p>Le matériau de soudure est un élément modifiable dans la <a data-item-id=\"898f72ce-7360-54a8-95b1-9b26a8d16346\" href=\"\">MPRL (Bibliothèque des matériaux et gammes de produits)</a>. Cela signifie que vous pouvez définir les électrodes de soudage indépendamment de la nuance d'acier des plaques assemblées.</p>\n<p>Pour ajouter un matériau de soudage défini par l'utilisateur, accédez à l'onglet <strong>Matériaux</strong>, ajoutez un matériau de <strong>Soudure</strong> et <strong>Modifiez</strong> ses propriétés.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"552c02a6-a54a-4149-83e2-d0c17d78561f\" data-image-id=\"552c02a6-a54a-4149-83e2-d0c17d78561f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/13eae981-ca17-401d-b1c8-7da0416d207e/Welds%20-%20autodesign%2C%20input%2C%20warnings%2C%20visualization1.png\" data-asset-id=\"552c02a6-a54a-4149-83e2-d0c17d78561f\" data-image-id=\"552c02a6-a54a-4149-83e2-d0c17d78561f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b4706514-8348-4710-918e-fd6b6e80c5f5\" href=\"\"><strong>Soudure générale mise en évidence dans la scène 3D</strong></a> (version 23.1)</p>\n<p>Une amélioration simple a été apportée à la scène 3D de l'application Connection pour une meilleure orientation, notamment dans les modèles d'assemblages plus complexes importés via des liens BIM depuis des applications CAO.</p>\n<p>Lorsqu'une <strong>opération de soudure générale ou de contact</strong> est sélectionnée, la soudure dans la scène 3D est mise en évidence en orange (par défaut).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c1e8146a-47c2-4147-9c75-5ae4e738622d\" data-image-id=\"c1e8146a-47c2-4147-9c75-5ae4e738622d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/ae2aa532-e36b-4125-a8b6-80015ebb8df3/Welds%20-%20autodesign%2C%20input%2C%20warnings%2C%20visualization10.png\" data-asset-id=\"c1e8146a-47c2-4147-9c75-5ae4e738622d\" data-image-id=\"c1e8146a-47c2-4147-9c75-5ae4e738622d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b4706514-8348-4710-918e-fd6b6e80c5f5\" href=\"\"><strong>Avertissement pour les électrodes plus résistantes que les plaques</strong></a> (version 23.1)</p>\n<p>Lorsque la <a data-item-id=\"5f4c7d1f-5145-4fa0-a9bf-535808187857\" href=\"\"><strong>vérification du</strong> <strong>détaillage</strong></a><strong> </strong>est activée dans la <strong>Configuration normative</strong> de l'application Connection, les utilisateurs reçoivent un avertissement si le matériau d'une électrode de soudage est plus résistant que les plaques soudées. Cela contribue à garantir les normes de sécurité du dimensionnement.</p>\n<p>Cela s'applique à l'Eurocode (EN) et à la norme indienne (IS), qui contiennent des clauses définissant que la résistance de la soudure est déterminée par la résistance ultime la plus faible des plaques assemblées, et exigeant que le métal d'apport des électrodes de soudage soit plus résistant que le métal de base (EN 1993-1-8 – 4.5.3.2 et IS 800:2007 - 10.5.7.1.1).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"bab985b6-6e6b-48eb-bff9-63acd1d8f859\" data-image-id=\"bab985b6-6e6b-48eb-bff9-63acd1d8f859\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e467c86d-22ea-47de-b048-7c2265a63cda/Welds%20-%20autodesign%2C%20input%2C%20warnings%2C%20visualization11.png\" data-asset-id=\"bab985b6-6e6b-48eb-bff9-63acd1d8f859\" data-image-id=\"bab985b6-6e6b-48eb-bff9-63acd1d8f859\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"139d124d-d3e0-463d-979a-86ae271d3e81\" href=\"\"><strong>Avertissements pour les soudures et les boulons reliant les mêmes plaques</strong></a> (version 23.1)</p>\n<p>Le dimensionnement d'un assemblage combinant des soudures et des boulons, ou des boulons et des boulons précontraints, est dangereux et non autorisé par les normes. L'application Connection vous informe automatiquement si un tel flux de travail est utilisé dans un projet, afin de garantir un dimensionnement correct et sûr.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1cbe1a11-db46-4da7-ab2b-2f541984db0a\" data-image-id=\"1cbe1a11-db46-4da7-ab2b-2f541984db0a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/f7b68cff-d260-4f8a-8ab2-048893e63b39/Bolts%20and%20welds_warning%20message.png\" data-asset-id=\"1cbe1a11-db46-4da7-ab2b-2f541984db0a\" data-image-id=\"1cbe1a11-db46-4da7-ab2b-2f541984db0a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"0248496a-4acc-4b33-8842-4afe0bd9e802\" href=\"\"><strong>Dimensionnement automatique des soudures selon la ductilité / la résistance totale / la surrésistance</strong></a> (version 24.0)</p>\n<p>Le dimensionnement automatique des soudures supprime la saisie manuelle fastidieuse et chronophage ainsi que la vérification de chaque soudure. Grâce à l'algorithme d'automatisation, IDEA StatiCa permet une modélisation plus rapide et un dimensionnement totalement sûr des assemblages soudés.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"69d70cd1-f9f7-47d5-8b4d-8226620d5ec9\" data-image-id=\"69d70cd1-f9f7-47d5-8b4d-8226620d5ec9\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/202ed4a2-278b-466c-b2d2-47023adfa727/Weld%20sizing%20to%20ductility1.png\" data-asset-id=\"69d70cd1-f9f7-47d5-8b4d-8226620d5ec9\" data-image-id=\"69d70cd1-f9f7-47d5-8b4d-8226620d5ec9\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b5fdc985-c8bd-41af-abf8-d6722fc84d43\" href=\"\"><strong>Dimensionnement automatique des soudures par estimation de la capacité</strong></a> (version 24.0)</p>\n<p>Le dimensionnement automatique des soudures répond au défi de l'ajustement manuel de chaque dimension de soudure, qui est à la fois fastidieux et chronophage. En automatisant ce processus, IDEA StatiCa vous aide considérablement à accélérer le processus de dimensionnement et favorise des conceptions de soudures plus cohérentes d'un projet à l'autre.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0b97f49e-f205-43ee-b5de-00b203e18a3a\" data-image-id=\"0b97f49e-f205-43ee-b5de-00b203e18a3a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/139beb9e-2e4e-4581-8a6b-e076578371d0/Weld%20sizing%20to%20capacity%20estimation1.png\" data-asset-id=\"0b97f49e-f205-43ee-b5de-00b203e18a3a\" data-image-id=\"0b97f49e-f205-43ee-b5de-00b203e18a3a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"d65d8320-3860-4fbc-984c-a73163766798\" href=\"\"><strong>Soudures en gorge à pénétration partielle (PJP)</strong></a><strong> </strong>(versions 24.0, 24.1, 25.0)</p>\n<p>L'intégration des soudures en gorge à pénétration partielle, ou soudures bout à bout à pénétration partielle, ou simplement soudures PJP dans IDEA StatiCa Connection répond aux exigences spécifiques définies pour les soudures bout à bout PJP, distinctes de celles applicables aux soudures d'angle.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d6fde932-e78a-4406-835a-8ff0ea82666c\" data-image-id=\"d6fde932-e78a-4406-835a-8ff0ea82666c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d8a95f95-4aa5-4b9e-9b51-d58130c4afab/Partial%20Joint%20Penetration%20%28PJP%29%20groove%20weld.png\" data-asset-id=\"d6fde932-e78a-4406-835a-8ff0ea82666c\" data-image-id=\"d6fde932-e78a-4406-835a-8ff0ea82666c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>La dimension d'une soudure à pénétration partielle est prise en compte dans l'analyse avec la valeur saisie. IDEA StatiCa n'applique aucun ajustement, tel que la réduction de la dimension nominale de la soudure — cela relève de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur avant la saisie.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"4a731e96-e34c-4966-ad18-956f693bdf7d\" data-image-id=\"4a731e96-e34c-4966-ad18-956f693bdf7d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/1dd7c48e-f81a-4570-a239-8aa1a096c24d/Partial%20Joint%20Penetration%20%28PJP%29%20groove%20welds%2018.png\" data-asset-id=\"4a731e96-e34c-4966-ad18-956f693bdf7d\" data-image-id=\"4a731e96-e34c-4966-ad18-956f693bdf7d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><strong>Avertissements relatifs aux éléments de soudure (version 24.1)</strong></p>\n<p>Deux types d'avertissements sont intégrés :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>« Type de soudure modifié en soudure bout à bout en raison d'un assemblage bord à bord » (modification du type de soudure causée par une action de modélisation)</li>\n <li>« La soudure n'a pas pu être créée en raison de restrictions géométriques » (couvrant les situations où des imprécisions géométriques entraînent un échec de la création de la soudure)</li>\n</ul>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b69964d5-581d-4184-bddd-80b58f80a902\" href=\"\"><strong>Améliorations régionales (version 25.0)</strong></a></p>\n<p>Pour les ingénieurs locaux, la version 25.0 offre plusieurs améliorations, notamment les soudures PJP selon l'Eurocode, la mise en œuvre du nouvel ACI et pas seulement pour les ingénieurs américains, les vérifications d'ancrage selon la norme chinoise, la différenciation de la terminologie britannique et américaine, et bien plus encore.</p>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"39838f72-2f1e-4385-9393-952efa63dc20\" href=\"\"><strong>Zone de diffusion des soudures (version 25.0)</strong></a></p>\n<p>La zone de diffusion des soudures est légèrement modifiée dans la version 25.0. L'article suivant explique clairement comment la distribution des efforts d'une plaque à une autre à travers les soudures fonctionne désormais.</p>\n<p>La zone de diffusion des soudures diffère considérablement entre les soudures bout à bout et les soudures d'angle. La zone de diffusion du bord de la plaque vers la surface d'une autre plaque est définie selon la figure suivante :</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c98458a8-ce28-4e04-b397-4caa3bbe7d66\" data-image-id=\"c98458a8-ce28-4e04-b397-4caa3bbe7d66\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c15a1435-db8f-4d2a-84e1-51a0e516a84b/Weld%20spreading%20area%20v25.png\" data-asset-id=\"c98458a8-ce28-4e04-b397-4caa3bbe7d66\" data-image-id=\"c98458a8-ce28-4e04-b397-4caa3bbe7d66\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>L'effort provenant de la plaque de bord est ensuite distribué dans les nœuds de la plaque de surface en fonction de la proximité du nœud par rapport à la zone de diffusion de la soudure.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"99fa11e5-36be-46c2-9621-b7f333b81639\" data-image-id=\"99fa11e5-36be-46c2-9621-b7f333b81639\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7ab584c9-fd6e-4489-969d-fd851e41008e/Weld%20spreading%20area%20-%20nodal%20forces.png\" data-asset-id=\"99fa11e5-36be-46c2-9621-b7f333b81639\" data-image-id=\"99fa11e5-36be-46c2-9621-b7f333b81639\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Qu'implique le changement dans la version 25.0 ?</p>\n<ul>\n <li>La zone de diffusion a été réduite pour les soudures bout à bout</li>\n <li>La zone de diffusion des soudures d'angle reflète désormais plus précisément la dimension de la soudure d'angle</li>\n <li>L'épaisseur de la plaque de surface n'est désormais plus pertinente pour la zone de diffusion de la soudure</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Pourquoi ces modifications ont-elles été apportées ?</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Récemment, nous avons mené un <a data-item-id=\"7f29d59b-f37a-45fe-abf2-4bc19bc48be4\" href=\"\">projet commun</a> avec l'<a href=\"https://www.uc.pt/en/\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Université de Coimbra</a> et <a href=\"https://isise.net/\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ISISE</a>. L'objectif du projet était de créer une série de modèles numériques dans <a href=\"https://www.3ds.com/products/simulia/abaqus\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Abaqus</a> (logiciel général d'éléments finis avec éléments finis volumiques) et de comparer les résultats à IDEA StatiCa Connection (éléments finis coques). L'accent est mis sur les assemblages poutre-poteau à moment fléchissant soudés. La comparaison montre que :\n <ul>\n <li>Les résultats des poteaux laminés sans effort de compression significatif dans le poteau sont en bon accord </li>\n <li>Les résultats des poteaux soudés bout à bout sont légèrement non conservateurs (de 5,8 %). C'est pourquoi cette modification — réduction de la zone de diffusion des soudures pour les soudures bout à bout — a été apportée.</li>\n </ul>\n </li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5de940cd-26fb-4fb3-893d-5ed36e92b164\" data-image-id=\"5de940cd-26fb-4fb3-893d-5ed36e92b164\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/577d9983-9802-49ac-b805-f267c33c2280/AbaqusCoimbra.png\" data-asset-id=\"5de940cd-26fb-4fb3-893d-5ed36e92b164\" data-image-id=\"5de940cd-26fb-4fb3-893d-5ed36e92b164\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"39492685-bd8a-4093-b540-660750c99c2f\" data-image-id=\"39492685-bd8a-4093-b540-660750c99c2f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/66a85600-5ee6-4108-8dc2-36a915e7e09f/Contemplated%20geometries.png\" data-asset-id=\"39492685-bd8a-4093-b540-660750c99c2f\" data-image-id=\"39492685-bd8a-4093-b540-660750c99c2f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n0dd0f9b1_2150_011c_fa0f_11efd205badc\"></object>\n<p><strong>Soudure de plaque circulaire (version 26.0)</strong></p>\n<p>Les plaques de raidissement circulaires sont couramment utilisées pour renforcer les âmes minces, mais avant la version 26.0, il n'était pas possible de définir des soudures pour ces plaques directement.</p>\n<p>Par conséquent, les utilisateurs devaient recourir à des solutions de contournement, en important généralement la plaque sous forme de polygone depuis un fichier DXF, ce qui ajoutait des étapes inutiles et réduisait l'efficacité de la modélisation.</p>\n<p>Avec cette mise à jour, les soudures peuvent désormais être définies <strong>directement pour les plaques de raidissement de forme circulaire</strong>. La plaque est discrétisée en interne en segments, de manière similaire aux sections creuses circulaires, garantissant un comportement d'analyse précis. Le nombre de segments respecte les <a data-item-id=\"e19f7ee2-b429-4cc4-9879-5c9bb8e42a1f\" href=\"\">Paramètres du projet</a> globaux, assurant la cohérence du modèle.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b35bf18f-05c5-431c-8ed3-5c3739ee5d6e\" data-image-id=\"b35bf18f-05c5-431c-8ed3-5c3739ee5d6e\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/4393742b-3339-49ac-aa9e-848b9c4b336d/Circular%20plate%20welds_01.png\" data-asset-id=\"b35bf18f-05c5-431c-8ed3-5c3739ee5d6e\" data-image-id=\"b35bf18f-05c5-431c-8ed3-5c3739ee5d6e\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><br></p>\n<h2>Webinaires et vidéos</h2>\n<p>Par le passé, nous avons organisé plusieurs webinaires sur la modélisation des assemblages soudés. Vous pouvez trouver de l'inspiration dans les enregistrements suivants :</p>\n<h4>Soudures & Boulons dans IDEA StatiCa (AISC)</h4>\n<p>La <a data-item-id=\"b8ee28ec-bc18-4a92-8c48-5e922b160899\" href=\"\">session de webinaire</a> couvre la théorie des boulons et des soudures et la façon dont ils sont modélisés dans IDEA StatiCa. Les opérations de ces deux composants seront également détaillées, ainsi que quelques conseils. Enfin, l'interprétation des résultats sera expliquée, ainsi que les formules utilisées pour vérifier qu'ils satisfont aux exigences de l'AISC.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"a141bb21_7d1e_01a0_c173_917cf8869295\"></object>\n<h4>Comprendre les résultats de soudure selon l'Eurocode</h4>\n<p>Le tableau détaillé des résultats peut être consulté avec toutes les formules, y compris les valeurs. Les contraintes directionnelles sont également fournies. Le taux de travail de la soudure est évident. Mais le taux de travail global Utc est calculé à partir de la capacité de l'ensemble de la soudure. Découvrez comment cela fonctionne.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n7cff1f20_de1c_01c3_39ec_0727c370df57\"></object>\n<h4>Peut-on trouver une correspondance entre la contrainte dans la soudure et mes calculs manuels ?</h4>\n<p>La contrainte dans une soudure est calculée dans les directions principales conformément à l'EC et les résultats sont fournis dans les onglets de résultats. Bien que l'analyse dans IDEA StatiCa Connection soit basée sur le CBFEM, dans les cas simples, la contrainte peut être comparée aux calculs manuels pour vérifier les valeurs obtenues.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n6709ea98_095c_0129_d98c_acd8168a5c4b\"></object>\n<h4>Définition des soudures d'angle le long d'une âme de SHS et d'une surface de plaque</h4>\n<p>Les sections creuses et notamment les coins arrondis de leurs sections transversales peuvent parfois être délicats à traiter en ce qui concerne le soudage, etc. Découvrez comment définir correctement une simple soudure d'angle des deux côtés d'un élément SHS, ainsi que ses coins qui doivent être raccordés à la surface d'une plaque.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n79771f8e_ac45_0126_850c_e3fd801ae4ab\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"take_idea_statica_24_0_for_a_test_drive_today\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n0ec78a2f_8891_0162_f7de_f510165434d4\"></object>"
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"value": "<p>Il existe plusieurs options pour traiter les soudures dans les modèles numériques. Les grandes déformations rendent l'analyse mécanique plus complexe, et il est possible d'utiliser différentes descriptions de maillage, différentes variables cinétiques et cinématiques, ainsi que des modèles constitutifs. Les différents types de modèles géométriques 2D et 3D, et donc les éléments finis associés, sont généralement utilisés avec leurs niveaux de précision respectifs. Le modèle de matériau le plus couramment utilisé est le modèle classique de plasticité indépendant du taux, basé sur le critère de plasticité de von Mises. Deux approches utilisées pour les soudures sont décrites. Les contraintes résiduelles et les déformations dues au soudage ne sont pas prises en compte dans le modèle de calcul.</p>\n<p>La charge est transmise par des liaisons force-déformation basées sur la formulation lagrangienne vers la plaque opposée. L'assemblage est appelé contrainte multi-points (MPC) et relie les nœuds d'éléments finis d'un bord de plaque à un autre. Les nœuds d'éléments finis ne sont pas connectés directement. L'avantage de cette approche est la capacité de connecter des maillages de densités différentes. La contrainte permet de modéliser la surface médiane des plaques assemblées avec un décalage, qui respecte la configuration réelle de la soudure et l'épaisseur de gorge. La distribution des charges dans la soudure est dérivée du MPC, de sorte que les contraintes sont calculées dans la section de gorge. Ceci est important pour la distribution des contraintes dans la plaque sous la soudure et pour la modélisation des tés.</p>\n<h4>Redistribution plastique des contraintes dans les soudures</h4>\n<p>Le modèle avec uniquement des contraintes multi-points ne tient pas compte de la rigidité de la soudure, et la distribution des contraintes est conservative. Les pics de contrainte qui apparaissent aux extrémités des bords de plaque, dans les coins et les arrondis, gouvernent la résistance sur toute la longueur de la soudure. Pour éliminer cet effet, un élément élastoplastique spécial est ajouté entre les plaques. L'élément respecte l'épaisseur de gorge, la position et l'orientation de la soudure. Le solide de soudure équivalent est inséré avec les dimensions de soudure correspondantes. L'analyse matérielle non linéaire est appliquée, et le comportement élastoplastique dans le solide de soudure équivalent est déterminé. L'état de plasticité est contrôlé par les contraintes dans la section de gorge de la soudure. Les pics de contrainte sont redistribués sur la plus grande partie de la longueur de la soudure.</p>\n<p>Le modèle élastoplastique des soudures donne des valeurs réelles de contrainte, et il n'est pas nécessaire de moyenner ou d'interpoler les contraintes. Les valeurs calculées à l'élément de soudure le plus sollicité sont utilisées directement pour les vérifications du composant de soudure. Ainsi, il n'est pas nécessaire de réduire la résistance des soudures multi-orientées, des soudures sur semelles non raidies, ou des soudures longues.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" data-image-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/0bd27c97-ebab-4887-9fc1-d9027cdf3df8/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Welds.png\" data-asset-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" data-image-id=\"4a260917-112f-4e2a-9d28-8da1b16a76df\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Liaison entre l'élément de soudure et les nœuds du maillage</em></p>\n<p>Les soudures générales, lors de l'utilisation de la redistribution plastique, peuvent être définies comme continues, partielles et intermittentes. Les soudures continues s'étendent sur toute la longueur du bord, les soudures partielles permettent à l'utilisateur de définir des décalages des deux côtés du bord, et les soudures intermittentes peuvent être définies avec une longueur et un espacement.</p>"
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"value": "<p>La méthode de pénalité standard est recommandée pour modéliser le contact entre les platines. Si la pénétration d'un nœud dans une surface de contact opposée est détectée, une rigidité de pénalité est ajoutée entre le nœud et la platine opposée. La rigidité de pénalité est contrôlée par un algorithme heuristique lors de l'itération non linéaire afin d'obtenir une meilleure convergence. Le solveur détecte automatiquement le point de pénétration et résout la distribution des efforts de contact entre le nœud pénétré et les nœuds de la platine opposée. Cela permet la création de contacts entre différents maillages, comme illustré. L'avantage de la méthode de pénalité est l'assemblage automatique du modèle. Le contact entre les platines a un impact majeur sur la redistribution des efforts dans l'assemblage.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"636a0d8a-150f-43a6-89a2-fc32d594385b\" data-image-id=\"636a0d8a-150f-43a6-89a2-fc32d594385b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c1c19e97-c73b-4e5c-b40e-1655f9e9d1d3/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Contacts%20between%20plates.png\" data-asset-id=\"636a0d8a-150f-43a6-89a2-fc32d594385b\" data-image-id=\"636a0d8a-150f-43a6-89a2-fc32d594385b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple de séparation de platines en contact entre l'âme et les semelles de deux pannes en Z superposées</em></p>\n<p>Il est possible d'ajouter un contact entre</p>\n<ul>\n <li>deux surfaces,</li>\n <li>deux bords,</li>\n <li>un bord et une surface.</li>\n</ul>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8ec0bea6-f990-4e43-81bf-a34c76e6dc74\" data-image-id=\"8ec0bea6-f990-4e43-81bf-a34c76e6dc74\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/02e3e1c2-223a-4a9f-800d-935e7b3dac76/edge-to-edge-contact.png\" data-asset-id=\"8ec0bea6-f990-4e43-81bf-a34c76e6dc74\" data-image-id=\"8ec0bea6-f990-4e43-81bf-a34c76e6dc74\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple de contact bord à bord entre la console d'assise et la platine d'extrémité</em></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e47c299b-4acd-4b1f-bfa6-ef1fd1d972ca\" data-image-id=\"e47c299b-4acd-4b1f-bfa6-ef1fd1d972ca\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/02d6ce4a-86b1-4eac-9525-c59772b520e3/edge-to-surface-contact.png\" data-asset-id=\"e47c299b-4acd-4b1f-bfa6-ef1fd1d972ca\" data-image-id=\"e47c299b-4acd-4b1f-bfa6-ef1fd1d972ca\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple de contact bord-surface entre la semelle inférieure de la poutre et la semelle du poteau</em></p>\n<p>Les <a data-item-id=\"22ff0f4a-a6f0-4086-bc4c-ed49f4aa86e2\" href=\"\">contraintes aux contacts</a> peuvent être visualisées, et les valeurs sont affichées dans le tableau de vérification des platines. Cependant, les contraintes de contact sont uniquement informatives et ne sont utilisées dans aucune vérification. De plus, la contrainte dans l'épaisseur des éléments coques n'est pas prise en compte. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c159e0e3-13d4-46a1-8c23-e93ae0d81678\" data-image-id=\"c159e0e3-13d4-46a1-8c23-e93ae0d81678\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3762ca8b-a140-47c8-a32e-3e2db2d6ca4d/contacts.png\" data-asset-id=\"c159e0e3-13d4-46a1-8c23-e93ae0d81678\" data-image-id=\"c159e0e3-13d4-46a1-8c23-e93ae0d81678\" alt=\"\"></figure>"
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"value": "<p>L'augmentation du nombre d'éléments fournit des résultats plus précis, mais au prix d'une demande de calcul plus élevée.</p>\n<h4>Modèle de plaque</h4>\n<p>Les éléments coques sont recommandés pour la modélisation des plaques dans l'analyse par éléments finis des assemblages structurels. Des éléments coques quadrangulaires à 4 nœuds situés aux coins sont utilisés. Six degrés de liberté sont considérés en chaque nœud : 3 translations (<em>u</em><sub>x</sub>, <em>u</em><sub>y</sub>, <em>u</em><sub>z</sub>) et 3 rotations (<em>φ</em><sub>x</sub>, <em>φ</em><sub>y</sub>, <em>φ</em><sub>z</sub>). Les déformations de l'élément sont décomposées en composantes membranaire et en flexion.</p>\n<p>La formulation du comportement membranaire est basée sur les travaux d'Ibrahimbegovic (1990). Les rotations perpendiculaires au plan de l'élément sont prises en compte. Une formulation 3D complète de l'élément est fournie. Les déformations de cisaillement hors plan sont prises en compte dans la formulation du comportement en flexion d'un élément selon l'hypothèse de Mindlin. Une variante stabilisée en interne de l'élément de plaque quadrangulaire de Mindlin avec une déformation de cisaillement constante le long des arêtes est utilisée. Les éléments sont inspirés des éléments MITC4 ; voir Dvorkin (1984). La coque est divisée en cinq couches d'intégration sur l'épaisseur de la plaque en chaque point d'intégration, et le comportement plastique est analysé en chaque point. Cette méthode est appelée intégration de Gauss–Lobatto. Le stade élasto-plastique non linéaire du matériau est analysé dans chaque couche à partir des déformations connues. Seules les contraintes et déformations maximales de toutes les couches sont affichées.</p>\n<h4>Convergence du maillage</h4>\n<p>Il existe certains critères pour la génération du maillage dans le modèle d'assemblage. La vérification normative de l'assemblage doit être indépendante de la taille des éléments. La génération du maillage sur une plaque isolée ne pose pas de problème. Une attention particulière doit être portée aux géométries complexes telles que les panneaux raidis, les cornières en T et les platines de base. L'analyse de sensibilité tenant compte de la discrétisation du maillage doit être effectuée pour les géométries complexes.</p>\n<p>Toutes les plaques d'une section transversale de poutre ont une division commune en éléments. La taille des éléments finis générés est limitée. La taille minimale des éléments est fixée à 10 mm et la taille maximale à 50 mm (peut être définie dans la configuration du code). Les maillages sur les semelles et les âmes sont indépendants les uns des autres. Le nombre par défaut d'éléments finis est fixé à 8 éléments par hauteur de section transversale, comme illustré dans la figure suivante. L'utilisateur peut modifier les valeurs par défaut dans la configuration du code.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"56b04327-298f-4d82-9f7d-0c066664772c\" data-image-id=\"56b04327-298f-4d82-9f7d-0c066664772c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/82635179-c288-44ba-bf8d-c12b80a32766/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Plate%20model%20and%20mesh%20convergence.png\" data-asset-id=\"56b04327-298f-4d82-9f7d-0c066664772c\" data-image-id=\"56b04327-298f-4d82-9f7d-0c066664772c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Le maillage sur une poutre avec des contraintes entre l'âme et la plaque de semelle</em></p>\n<p>Le maillage des platines d'extrémité est séparé et indépendant des autres parties de l'assemblage. La taille par défaut des éléments finis est fixée à 16 éléments par hauteur de section transversale, comme illustré dans la figure.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"8d24be01-1329-41ea-8233-9de761728436\" data-image-id=\"8d24be01-1329-41ea-8233-9de761728436\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7f71beb4-9fd6-4517-b069-6905b8176a8a/plate_mesh.png\" data-asset-id=\"8d24be01-1329-41ea-8233-9de761728436\" data-image-id=\"8d24be01-1329-41ea-8233-9de761728436\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Le maillage sur une platine d'extrémité avec 7 éléments sur sa largeur</em></p>\n<p>L'exemple suivant d'un assemblage poutre-poteau illustre l'influence de la taille du maillage sur la résistance au moment. Une poutre à section ouverte IPE 220 est connectée à un poteau à section ouverte HEA 200 et chargée par un moment fléchissant, comme illustré dans la figure suivante. Le composant critique est le panneau d'âme du poteau en cisaillement. Le nombre d'éléments finis sur la hauteur de la section transversale varie de 4 à 40 et les résultats sont comparés. Les lignes en pointillés représentent les différences de 5 %, 10 % et 15 %. Il est recommandé de subdiviser la hauteur de la section transversale en 8 éléments.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d7f4071e-0e80-460f-8d61-f7e271cbb6a0\" data-image-id=\"d7f4071e-0e80-460f-8d61-f7e271cbb6a0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d5bcfb21-1bf5-4c38-9d34-8e4ffe398738/beam_to_column.png\" data-asset-id=\"d7f4071e-0e80-460f-8d61-f7e271cbb6a0\" data-image-id=\"d7f4071e-0e80-460f-8d61-f7e271cbb6a0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Modèle d'assemblage poutre-poteau et déformations plastiques à l'état limite ultime</em></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"80bf0274-5a14-4471-90af-93f56fc0a914\" data-image-id=\"80bf0274-5a14-4471-90af-93f56fc0a914\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/601738d5-2a76-4d40-97f7-722342d6d256/mesh_influence.png\" data-asset-id=\"80bf0274-5a14-4471-90af-93f56fc0a914\" data-image-id=\"80bf0274-5a14-4471-90af-93f56fc0a914\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>L'influence du nombre d'éléments sur la résistance au moment</em></p>\n<p>L'étude de sensibilité au maillage d'un raidisseur comprimé élancé du panneau d'âme du poteau est présentée. Le nombre d'éléments sur la largeur du raidisseur varie de 4 à 20. Le premier mode de flambement et l'influence du nombre d'éléments sur la résistance au flambement et la charge critique sont illustrés dans la figure suivante. Les différences de 5 % et 10 % sont affichées. Il est recommandé d'utiliser 8 éléments sur la largeur du raidisseur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"79630fed-3e60-44f9-bd9c-c9d2d47ffaf8\" data-image-id=\"79630fed-3e60-44f9-bd9c-c9d2d47ffaf8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c6c4099f-4691-4820-8691-8335303b111e/buckling_mesh.png\" data-asset-id=\"79630fed-3e60-44f9-bd9c-c9d2d47ffaf8\" data-image-id=\"79630fed-3e60-44f9-bd9c-c9d2d47ffaf8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Le premier mode de flambement et l'influence du nombre d'éléments le long du raidisseur sur la résistance au moment</em></p>\n<p>L'étude de sensibilité au maillage d'un T-stub en traction est présentée. La moitié de la largeur de la semelle est subdivisée en 8 à 40 éléments, et la taille minimale des éléments est fixée à 1 mm. L'influence du nombre d'éléments sur la résistance du T-stub est illustrée dans la figure suivante. Les lignes en pointillés représentent les différences de 5 %, 10 % et 15 %. Il est recommandé d'utiliser 16 éléments sur la moitié de la largeur de la semelle.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"bd5d475b-5787-403f-886a-685e33f1be9d\" data-image-id=\"bd5d475b-5787-403f-886a-685e33f1be9d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/05531827-8853-4859-ac6a-0de511100185/T-stub-mesh.png\" data-asset-id=\"bd5d475b-5787-403f-886a-685e33f1be9d\" data-image-id=\"bd5d475b-5787-403f-886a-685e33f1be9d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>L'influence du nombre d'éléments sur la résistance du T-stub</em></p>"
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La rigidité axiale initiale est dérivée analytiquement dans la directive VDI2230 et dans Agerskov (1976).</p>\n<p>\\[D_{Lb} =\\frac{L_s+0.4d_b}{EA_{s}}+ \\frac{0.85d_b}{EA_{t}}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[A_{pp}=\\frac{0.75D_H(L_w-D_H)}{D_{W1}^2-D_{W2}^2}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[A_{P1}=\\frac{\\pi}{4}(D_H^2-D_{W1}^2)\\]</p>\n<p>\\[A_{P2}=\\frac{1}{2}(D_{W2}^2-D_H^2)\\tan^{-1}A_{pp}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[A_P=A_{P1}+A_{P2}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[D_{LW}=\\frac{L_W}{EA_P}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[k=\\frac{1}{D_{LB}+D_{LW}}\\]</p>\n<p>où :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>\\(d_b\\) – diamètre du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(D_H\\) – diamètre de la tête du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(D_{W1}\\) – diamètre intérieur de la rondelle</li>\n <li>\\(D_{W2}\\) – diamètre extérieur de la rondelle</li>\n <li>\\(L_W\\) – somme des épaisseurs des rondelles</li>\n <li>\\(L_s\\) – longueur de serrage du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(A_{s}\\) – section brute du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(A_{t}\\) – section résistante en traction du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(E\\) – module d'élasticité de Young</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Le modèle correspond aux données expérimentales ; voir Gödrich et al. (2014). Pour l'initialisation de la plastification et la capacité de déformation, il est supposé que la déformation plastique se produit uniquement dans la partie filetée de la tige du boulon.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"acc623fd-ee60-4959-8227-ec855f72a150\" data-image-id=\"acc623fd-ee60-4959-8227-ec855f72a150\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/6984c02e-b380-4b92-aca1-9712291cf94b/Structural%20design%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20-%20Bolts%20and%20preloaded%20bolts.png\" data-asset-id=\"acc623fd-ee60-4959-8227-ec855f72a150\" data-image-id=\"acc623fd-ee60-4959-8227-ec855f72a150\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Diagramme force-déformation pour l'appui de la plaque</em></p>\n<p>Le diagramme force-déformation est construit à l'aide des équations suivantes :</p>\n<p>Rigidité plastique :</p>\n<p>\\[ k_t = c_1 k \\]</p>\n<p>Force à la limite élastique :</p>\n<p>\\[ F_{t,el} = \\frac{F_{t,Rd}}{c_1 c_2 - c_1 +1} \\]</p>\n<p>Déformation à la limite élastique :</p>\n<p>\\[ u_{el} = \\frac{ F_{t,el} }{k} \\]</p>\n<p>Déformation à la limite plastique :</p>\n<p>\\[ u_{t,Rd} = c_2 u_{el} \\]</p>\n<p>\\[ c_1 = \\frac{f_{ub} - f_{yb}}{\\frac{1}{4} A E - f_{yb}} \\]</p>\n<p>\\[ c_2 = \\frac{AE}{4 f_{yb}} \\]</p>\n<p>où :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>\\(F_{t,Rd}\\) – valeur de calcul de la résistance du boulon en traction</li>\n <li>\\(f_{yb}\\) – limite d'élasticité du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(f_{ub}\\) – résistance ultime du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(A\\) – allongement après rupture</li>\n</ul>\n<h4>Boulon en cisaillement</h4>\n<p>Seul l'effort de compression est transmis de la tige du boulon à la plaque dans le trou de boulon. Il est modélisé par des liens d'interpolation entre les nœuds de la tige et les nœuds du bord des trous. La rigidité de déformation de l'élément coque modélisant les plaques distribue les efforts entre les boulons et simule l'appui adéquat de la plaque.</p>\n<p>Les trous de boulons sont considérés comme standard (par défaut) ou oblongs (peut être défini dans l'éditeur de plaque). Les boulons dans les trous standard peuvent transmettre un effort de cisaillement dans toutes les directions ; les boulons dans les trous oblongs ont une direction exclue et peuvent se déplacer librement dans cette direction sélectionnée.</p>\n<p>La rigidité initiale et la résistance de calcul d'un boulon en cisaillement sont définies par les formules suivantes :</p>\n<p>\\[k_{el}=\\frac{1}{\\frac{1}{k_{11}}+\\frac{1}{k_{12}}}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[k_{11} = \\frac{8d_b^2f_{ub}}{d_{M16}}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[k_{12}=12k_td_bf_{up}\\]</p>\n<p>\\[k_t=\\min \\left ( 2.5,\\, \\frac{1.5t_{min}}{d_{M16}} \\right ) \\]</p>\n<p>\\[k_{pl}=\\frac{k_{el}}{1000}\\]</p>\n<p>où :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>\\(d_b\\) – diamètre du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(f_{ub}\\) – résistance ultime du boulon</li>\n <li>\\(d_{M16}=16 \\textrm{ mm}\\) – diamètre du boulon de référence M16</li>\n <li>\\(f_{up}\\) – résistance ultime de la plaque assemblée</li>\n <li>\\(t_{min}\\) – épaisseur minimale de la plaque assemblée </li>\n</ul>\n<p>Le ressort représentant le boulon en cisaillement a un comportement force-déformation bilinéaire. L'initialisation de la plastification est attendue à :</p>\n<p>\\[F_{V,el}=0.999 F_{V,Rd}\\]</p>\n<p>La capacité de déformation est considérée comme :</p>\n<p>\\[\\delta_{pl}=\\delta_{el}\\]</p>\n<p>où :</p>\n<ul>\n <li>\\(F_{V,el}\\) – résistance élastique du boulon en cisaillement</li>\n <li>\\(F_{V,Rd}\\) – résistance du boulon en cisaillement</li>\n <li>\\(\\delta_{el}\\) – déformation élastique du boulon en cisaillement</li>\n</ul>\n<h4>Interaction entre traction et cisaillement</h4>\n<p>L'interaction de l'effort axial et de l'effort de cisaillement peut être introduite directement dans le modèle d'analyse. La distribution des efforts reflète mieux la réalité (voir le diagramme ci-joint). Les boulons soumis à un effort de traction élevé reprennent moins d'effort de cisaillement et vice versa.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"ee6f8f98-26d7-46f8-9051-4032b2a043c8\" data-image-id=\"ee6f8f98-26d7-46f8-9051-4032b2a043c8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/8137accf-c8f2-4c63-8715-52ef53e2748f/EC-bolt_interaction.png\" data-asset-id=\"ee6f8f98-26d7-46f8-9051-4032b2a043c8\" data-image-id=\"ee6f8f98-26d7-46f8-9051-4032b2a043c8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Exemple d'interaction entre effort axial et effort de cisaillement (EC)</em></p>\n<h3>Boulons précontraints</h3>\n<p>Les boulons précontraints sont utilisés dans les cas où une minimisation des déformations est nécessaire. Le modèle de traction d'un boulon est identique à celui des boulons standard. L'effort de cisaillement n'est pas transmis par appui mais par friction entre les plaques serrées.</p>\n<p>La résistance de calcul au glissement d'un boulon précontraint est affectée par un effort de traction appliqué.</p>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"b0a659df-8f92-4d1f-abb6-2efa02bad946\" href=\"\">IDEA StatiCa Connection</a> vérifie l'état limite de pré-glissement des boulons précontraints. En cas d'effet de glissement, les boulons ne satisfont pas la vérification normative. L'état limite post-glissement doit alors être vérifié comme une vérification d'appui standard des boulons, où les trous de boulons sont chargés en appui et les boulons en cisaillement.</p>\n<p>L'utilisateur peut décider quel état limite sera vérifié : soit la résistance au glissement majeur, soit l'état post-glissement en cisaillement des boulons. Les deux vérifications sur un même boulon ne sont pas combinées dans une seule solution. Il est supposé que le boulon a un comportement standard après un glissement majeur et peut être vérifié par la procédure d'appui standard.</p>\n<p>Le chargement en moment de l'assemblage a une faible influence sur la capacité de cisaillement. Néanmoins, la vérification du frottement sur chaque boulon est résolue séparément de manière simple. Cette vérification est implémentée dans le composant MEF du boulon. Il n'existe pas d'information générale permettant de déterminer si l'effort de traction externe de chaque boulon provient du moment fléchissant ou de l'effort de traction de l'assemblage.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2bfd95f4-5286-4ebc-9b3d-8e0fd58a01d4\" data-image-id=\"2bfd95f4-5286-4ebc-9b3d-8e0fd58a01d4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/944820ec-480b-40ff-a171-0a4df2168b13/bolts_bearing.png\" data-asset-id=\"2bfd95f4-5286-4ebc-9b3d-8e0fd58a01d4\" data-image-id=\"2bfd95f4-5286-4ebc-9b3d-8e0fd58a01d4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Distribution des contraintes dans un assemblage boulon standard en cisaillement</em></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"cd47edfc-388b-4726-bf51-d1061e981840\" data-image-id=\"cd47edfc-388b-4726-bf51-d1061e981840\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/ccb7c437-2a67-438e-978c-310f790b5abc/bolts_friction.png\" data-asset-id=\"cd47edfc-388b-4726-bf51-d1061e981840\" data-image-id=\"cd47edfc-388b-4726-bf51-d1061e981840\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Distribution des contraintes dans un assemblage boulon résistant au glissement en cisaillement</em></p>"
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"value": "<p>Le boulon d'ancrage est modélisé selon des procédures similaires à celles des boulons structurels. Le boulon est fixé d'un côté du bloc de béton. Sa longueur, <em>L</em><sub>b</sub>, utilisée pour le calcul de la rigidité du boulon, est prise comme la somme de la moitié de l'épaisseur de l'écrou, de l'épaisseur de la rondelle, <em>t</em><sub>w</sub>, de l'épaisseur de la platine de base, <em>t</em><sub>bp</sub>, de l'épaisseur du coulis ou du jeu, <em>t</em><sub>g</sub>, et de la longueur libre encastrée dans le béton, estimée à 8<em>d</em> où <em>d</em> est le diamètre du boulon. Le facteur 8 est modifiable dans la configuration normative. Cette valeur est conforme à la Méthode des Composants (EN1993-1-8) ; la longueur libre encastrée dans le béton peut être modifiée dans la configuration normative. La rigidité en traction est calculée comme <em>k</em> = <em>E</em> <em>A</em><sub>s</sub> / <em>L</em><sub>b</sub>. Le diagramme charge-déformation du boulon d'ancrage est présenté dans la figure suivante. Les valeurs selon ISO 898:2009 sont récapitulées dans le tableau et dans les formules ci-dessous.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"170f71ad-dae9-42f3-b349-cd42b4df4e08\" data-image-id=\"170f71ad-dae9-42f3-b349-cd42b4df4e08\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/10228509-19b1-4d24-993c-c16c2bbc1f1b/anchor_stiffness.png\" data-asset-id=\"170f71ad-dae9-42f3-b349-cd42b4df4e08\" data-image-id=\"170f71ad-dae9-42f3-b349-cd42b4df4e08\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Diagramme charge–déformation du boulon d'ancrage</em></p>\n<p>\\[ F_{t,el}=\\frac{F_{t,Rd}}{c_1 c_2 - c_1 + 1} \\]</p>\n<p>\\[ k_t = c_1 k; \\qquad c_1 = \\frac{R_m - R_e}{\\left ( \\frac{1}{4} A - \\frac{R_e}{E} \\right )E} \\]</p>\n<p>\\[ u_{el} = \\frac{F_{t,el}}{k}; \\qquad u_{t,Rd} = c_2 u_{el}; \\qquad c_2 = \\frac{AE}{4R_e} \\]</p>\n<p>où :</p>\n<ul>\n <li><em>A</em> – allongement</li>\n <li><em>E</em> – module d'élasticité de Young</li>\n <li><em>F</em><sub>t,Rd</sub> – résistance à la traction de l'acier de l'ancrage</li>\n <li><em>R</em><sub>m</sub> – résistance ultime (à la traction)</li>\n <li><em>R</em><sub>e</sub> – limite d'élasticité</li>\n</ul>\n<p>La rigidité du boulon d'ancrage en cisaillement est prise égale à la rigidité du boulon structurel en cisaillement.</p>\n<h4>Boulons d'ancrage avec tige libre</h4>\n<p>Les ancrages avec tige libre peuvent être vérifiés comme phase de construction avant le scellement de la base du poteau, ou comme état permanent. L'ancrage avec tige libre est conçu comme un élément barre chargé par un effort tranchant, un moment fléchissant et un effort de compression ou de traction. L'ancrage est encastré des deux côtés ; un côté se trouve à 0,5×<em>d</em> en dessous du niveau du béton, l'autre côté est au milieu de l'épaisseur de la platine. La longueur de flambement est prise de manière conservative comme le double de la longueur de l'élément barre. Le module de résistance plastique est utilisé. Les efforts dans l'ancrage avec tige libre sont déterminés par analyse par éléments finis. Le moment fléchissant dépend du rapport de rigidité entre les ancrages et la platine de base.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"ce23a6f9-f3d2-4a77-98b6-4da922746e32\" data-image-id=\"ce23a6f9-f3d2-4a77-98b6-4da922746e32\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b9b077b4-3ece-4813-9fc1-7d46a2814653/stand-off_anchors.png\" data-asset-id=\"ce23a6f9-f3d2-4a77-98b6-4da922746e32\" data-image-id=\"ce23a6f9-f3d2-4a77-98b6-4da922746e32\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Ancrages avec tige libre – détermination du bras de levier et des longueurs de flambement ; des ancrages rigides constituent une hypothèse sécuritaire</em></p>"
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"value": "<h2>1 Nouveau projet</h2>\n<p>Lancez <strong>IDEA StatiCa</strong> (<a data-item-id=\"0dff6482-3e17-4ca2-bb66-b4abc6a8dde4\" href=\"\">téléchargez la dernière version</a>) et sélectionnez l'<strong>application Connection</strong>.</p>\n<p>Créez un nouveau projet en sélectionnant le <a data-item-id=\"cc99ba50-ed96-445b-b357-96fbd857ba58\" href=\"\">modèle de départ depuis l'assistant</a> le plus proche du projet souhaité. Renseignez le nom, sélectionnez la nuance d'acier <strong>S355</strong>,<strong> </strong>le code de calcul <strong>Eurocode</strong>, puis cliquez sur <strong>Créer le projet</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7a513728-e51b-4ee1-923d-c68aa9833506\" data-image-id=\"7a513728-e51b-4ee1-923d-c68aa9833506\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5b756020-9ced-4887-b35d-549ff91964e5/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2001.png\" data-asset-id=\"7a513728-e51b-4ee1-923d-c68aa9833506\" data-image-id=\"7a513728-e51b-4ee1-923d-c68aa9833506\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>2 Géométrie</h2>\n<p>Nous commencerons par la définition de la section transversale personnalisée composée de trois sections différentes.</p>\n<p>Faites un clic droit sur l'élément vertical <strong>C </strong>et<strong> </strong>ouvrez le menu contextuel avec les actions disponibles. Utilisez le bouton <strong>Plus</strong> pour ajouter une nouvelle section transversale.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2d59f913-fee2-4d22-9f00-1db8c7918c0d\" data-image-id=\"2d59f913-fee2-4d22-9f00-1db8c7918c0d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e988310f-ebec-4941-bafc-d6d6afdb2a2d/2.png\" data-asset-id=\"2d59f913-fee2-4d22-9f00-1db8c7918c0d\" data-image-id=\"2d59f913-fee2-4d22-9f00-1db8c7918c0d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Allez dans l'onglet <strong>Soudée, Composée,</strong> et sélectionnez la <strong>Section transversale acier générale</strong> pour ajouter une forme définie par l'utilisateur.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7cd228b4-3a13-432c-a6e7-d534db0c214f\" data-image-id=\"7cd228b4-3a13-432c-a6e7-d534db0c214f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/5fbdd682-7b0a-4982-b905-c1d7975e1d39/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2003.png\" data-asset-id=\"7cd228b4-3a13-432c-a6e7-d534db0c214f\" data-image-id=\"7cd228b4-3a13-432c-a6e7-d534db0c214f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Dans l'<strong>éditeur de section transversale</strong>, commencez par ajouter une nouvelle<strong> section en I</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e22e8114-2c49-49fc-aa31-e56ca36df2c1\" data-image-id=\"e22e8114-2c49-49fc-aa31-e56ca36df2c1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/9f5bbdfd-2ca2-4807-8767-7b2f74786ea6/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2004.png\" data-asset-id=\"e22e8114-2c49-49fc-aa31-e56ca36df2c1\" data-image-id=\"e22e8114-2c49-49fc-aa31-e56ca36df2c1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3cb2fd28-42d7-48e7-b0ba-ff80acf8d912\" data-image-id=\"3cb2fd28-42d7-48e7-b0ba-ff80acf8d912\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bf83c5ed-8463-4a89-a59b-458078273d45/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2005.png\" data-asset-id=\"3cb2fd28-42d7-48e7-b0ba-ff80acf8d912\" data-image-id=\"3cb2fd28-42d7-48e7-b0ba-ff80acf8d912\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Et remplacez le profil présélectionné par <strong>IPE270</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6afe76f0-84c9-40b4-bc31-bff6e3df3eb5\" data-image-id=\"6afe76f0-84c9-40b4-bc31-bff6e3df3eb5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/e2522baa-d0cc-45f9-a864-9f7c2a67d4f7/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2006.png\" data-asset-id=\"6afe76f0-84c9-40b4-bc31-bff6e3df3eb5\" data-image-id=\"6afe76f0-84c9-40b4-bc31-bff6e3df3eb5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Cliquez ensuite sur <strong>Nouveau </strong>pour ajouter une autre section et sélectionnez <strong>Sections T (coupe en I)</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1f3dedda-9175-4e43-a996-f52e842b7e21\" data-image-id=\"1f3dedda-9175-4e43-a996-f52e842b7e21\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/33b62b4d-f758-4619-8b11-9146d2504b67/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2007.png\" data-asset-id=\"1f3dedda-9175-4e43-a996-f52e842b7e21\" data-image-id=\"1f3dedda-9175-4e43-a996-f52e842b7e21\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour la <strong>Forme</strong>, sélectionnez <strong>IPE270 </strong>dans la bibliothèque de sections transversales et saisissez <strong>120 mm </strong>pour la<strong> Hauteur </strong>puis confirmez avec<strong> OK</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2d35a8a1-b28b-4c08-943f-ab62b08a0d97\" data-image-id=\"2d35a8a1-b28b-4c08-943f-ab62b08a0d97\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/de0e86d0-9d8b-4de9-9d7a-341fe8f1fc2e/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2008.png\" data-asset-id=\"2d35a8a1-b28b-4c08-943f-ab62b08a0d97\" data-image-id=\"2d35a8a1-b28b-4c08-943f-ab62b08a0d97\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Positionnez maintenant la section en T en sélectionnant le <strong>Composant maître</strong>, le <strong>Point maître</strong> et le <strong>Point d'insertion</strong> appropriés, et saisissez une rotation <strong>Rx1</strong> de <strong>90°</strong> et un décalage dans la direction <strong>z</strong> de <strong>3,3 mm</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2164f68d-a5ab-4ba5-b475-8cf2c5ea9d82\" data-image-id=\"2164f68d-a5ab-4ba5-b475-8cf2c5ea9d82\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/bc89ae89-55ce-4b0a-9137-0fc2f52e4da5/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2009.png\" data-asset-id=\"2164f68d-a5ab-4ba5-b475-8cf2c5ea9d82\" data-image-id=\"2164f68d-a5ab-4ba5-b475-8cf2c5ea9d82\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Faites une <strong>Copie </strong>de cette partie de section, modifiez la rotation <strong>Rx1 </strong>à <strong>-90°, </strong>et fermez l'éditeur avec le bouton <strong>OK </strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b4d61790-7e75-4ca0-99e7-6e77d98f6ffa\" data-image-id=\"b4d61790-7e75-4ca0-99e7-6e77d98f6ffa\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/7b1d1b69-f293-4ba5-8240-7cdd3cd7130c/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2010.png\" data-asset-id=\"b4d61790-7e75-4ca0-99e7-6e77d98f6ffa\" data-image-id=\"b4d61790-7e75-4ca0-99e7-6e77d98f6ffa\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus sur l'éditeur de section transversale générale, consultez l'article <a data-item-id=\"a93fbea4-d814-5dcb-aa9e-35315063cb88\" href=\"\">Comment créer et utiliser une section transversale personnalisée</a>.</p>\n<h2>3 Effets de charge</h2>\n<p>Ajustez les valeurs de<strong> </strong>l'<strong>effet de charge LE1</strong> en conséquence.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9bd874dd-1d48-46ba-9978-57c2a1766bed\" data-image-id=\"9bd874dd-1d48-46ba-9978-57c2a1766bed\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/3fe24e9d-4800-41f6-995b-9fb2c3e3ed99/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2011.png\" data-asset-id=\"9bd874dd-1d48-46ba-9978-57c2a1766bed\" data-image-id=\"9bd874dd-1d48-46ba-9978-57c2a1766bed\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>4 Conception</h2>\n<p>Définissez les poutres connectées avec un <strong>profil IPE240</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"75696949-e850-4cfd-901b-8bc26a785941\" data-image-id=\"75696949-e850-4cfd-901b-8bc26a785941\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/52e90116-65b7-44ae-b985-d919a4cf355a/3.png\" data-asset-id=\"75696949-e850-4cfd-901b-8bc26a785941\" data-image-id=\"75696949-e850-4cfd-901b-8bc26a785941\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Ajustez les paramètres du <strong>Modèle 1 [P]</strong>, <strong>Éclater</strong> et désactivez les raidisseurs. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b28eca3b-860c-46f7-9d57-9d4fb1a21d8c\" data-image-id=\"b28eca3b-860c-46f7-9d57-9d4fb1a21d8c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/2ecfec6f-08c9-4558-8e6f-1958f6645b27/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2013.png\" data-asset-id=\"b28eca3b-860c-46f7-9d57-9d4fb1a21d8c\" data-image-id=\"b28eca3b-860c-46f7-9d57-9d4fb1a21d8c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2> 5 Calcul et vérification</h2>\n<p>Sélectionnez l'élément de projet <strong>CON1 </strong>et changez le type d'analyse en<strong> Analyse de rigidité </strong>(<strong>ST</strong>).</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f59058fa-508c-4645-ac18-61e4407836e4\" data-image-id=\"f59058fa-508c-4645-ac18-61e4407836e4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/d68bcaaa-48e3-4377-9b32-219db6c7b7c0/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2014.png\" data-asset-id=\"f59058fa-508c-4645-ac18-61e4407836e4\" data-image-id=\"f59058fa-508c-4645-ac18-61e4407836e4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vérifiez que l'élément <strong>B2 </strong>est défini comme l'<strong>Élément analysé </strong>(souligné dans la liste des éléments et affiché dans les propriétés de l'élément) ou définissez-le comme élément analysé via le menu contextuel. Lancez ensuite le <strong>Calcul</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1db5049f-5912-47cf-9723-2d7192d9bd85\" data-image-id=\"1db5049f-5912-47cf-9723-2d7192d9bd85\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/660a4cca-e00b-4bc5-bc1a-116f27d8ac29/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2015.png\" data-asset-id=\"1db5049f-5912-47cf-9723-2d7192d9bd85\" data-image-id=\"1db5049f-5912-47cf-9723-2d7192d9bd85\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Allez dans l'onglet <strong>Vérification </strong>et activez la <strong>Déformation plastique</strong>, les <strong>Forces dans les boulons</strong>, le <strong>Maillage </strong>et la <strong>Déformée </strong>pour observer le comportement de l'assemblage. Dans l'onglet Rigidité en rotation, vous pouvez lire la <strong>classe </strong>comme <strong>Semi-rigide</strong> et la valeur de la rigidité en rotation initiale <strong>Sj,ini</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0fcaf5aa-cfaf-4927-8d35-914a90da4984\" data-image-id=\"0fcaf5aa-cfaf-4927-8d35-914a90da4984\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/4fd7c2aa-443b-42a2-95d9-c0eb60063116/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2016.png\" data-asset-id=\"0fcaf5aa-cfaf-4927-8d35-914a90da4984\" data-image-id=\"0fcaf5aa-cfaf-4927-8d35-914a90da4984\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>Remarque : Pour mieux comprendre la \"</em><em><strong>Longueur théorique pour My, Mz</strong></em><em>\" et les résultats, consultez l'article </em><a data-item-id=\"4597d16d-e951-52fc-940a-382698f2fd03\" href=\"\"><em>Analyse de rigidité</em></a><em> et le chapitre </em><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center/general-theoretical-background#Stiffness_analysis_and_deformation_capacity_of_steel_joints\" data-new-window=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Contexte théorique</em></a><em> </em><em><strong>Analyse de rigidité et capacité de déformation des assemblages acier</strong></em><em>.</em></p>\n<h2>6 Optimisation de l'assemblage</h2>\n<p>Retournez dans l'onglet <strong>Conception </strong>pour optimiser l'assemblage afin d'obtenir un assemblage rigide.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f3418355-c0bc-4790-ab5e-20da7756eac3\" data-image-id=\"f3418355-c0bc-4790-ab5e-20da7756eac3\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/adc31c0d-4e3b-4b86-b757-155c18003613/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2017.png\" data-asset-id=\"f3418355-c0bc-4790-ab5e-20da7756eac3\" data-image-id=\"f3418355-c0bc-4790-ab5e-20da7756eac3\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Assurez-vous que l'<strong>opération raidisseur </strong>est désactivée, et ajustez l'épaisseur, les dimensions et la position des boulons de la <strong>platine d'extrémité EP1</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"058da95a-e8fc-4e0e-acce-97ca1496341f\" data-image-id=\"058da95a-e8fc-4e0e-acce-97ca1496341f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/a0e2507b-b80d-49b0-9d03-c773280a0764/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2021.png\" data-asset-id=\"058da95a-e8fc-4e0e-acce-97ca1496341f\" data-image-id=\"058da95a-e8fc-4e0e-acce-97ca1496341f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Et ajoutez une nouvelle opération <strong>Élargisseur</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"23b63768-1d63-4e62-9d20-4c031fb45c5d\" data-image-id=\"23b63768-1d63-4e62-9d20-4c031fb45c5d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/b3128af7-36e0-42a9-88c8-93b4868884e3/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2020.png\" data-asset-id=\"23b63768-1d63-4e62-9d20-4c031fb45c5d\" data-image-id=\"23b63768-1d63-4e62-9d20-4c031fb45c5d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><strong>C</strong>hangez l'élément <strong>Relatif à</strong> en <strong>Plaque </strong>(la plaque <strong>EP1a</strong> est sélectionnée automatiquement),<strong> </strong>et saisissez <strong>150 mm</strong> pour la <strong>Largeur </strong>et la <strong>Hauteur</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"df8c8717-949f-44d6-97c4-ad2c476ca025\" data-image-id=\"df8c8717-949f-44d6-97c4-ad2c476ca025\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/0759af56-cf0c-48aa-8e2b-2f34d571316a/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2021.png\" data-asset-id=\"df8c8717-949f-44d6-97c4-ad2c476ca025\" data-image-id=\"df8c8717-949f-44d6-97c4-ad2c476ca025\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Relancez l'analyse de rigidité et, dans l'onglet <strong>Vérification</strong>, constatez que la <strong>classe </strong>est devenue <strong>Rigide</strong> et que la valeur de la rigidité en rotation initiale <strong>Sj,ini</strong> est plus élevée.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"26475752-ec4b-44c7-97b4-d7b455b64fd0\" data-image-id=\"26475752-ec4b-44c7-97b4-d7b455b64fd0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/45eccf56-ade5-4aab-846a-1a8b2d2ba116/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2022.png\" data-asset-id=\"26475752-ec4b-44c7-97b4-d7b455b64fd0\" data-image-id=\"26475752-ec4b-44c7-97b4-d7b455b64fd0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>7 Rapport</h2>\n<p>Pour la dernière étape, allez dans l'onglet <strong>Rapport</strong>. IDEA StatiCa propose un rapport entièrement personnalisable à imprimer ou à enregistrer dans un format modifiable.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"e5b84b21-2d73-41aa-8456-2f4d5eea89a8\" data-image-id=\"e5b84b21-2d73-41aa-8456-2f4d5eea89a8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/66e7a155-be94-0096-73e6-c55dfc7e5788/c489fb15-782e-40de-bfc3-0ce18c284a83/Stiffness%20analysis%20of%20a%20steel%20connection%20%28EN%29%2023.png\" data-asset-id=\"e5b84b21-2d73-41aa-8456-2f4d5eea89a8\" data-image-id=\"e5b84b21-2d73-41aa-8456-2f4d5eea89a8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Vous avez conçu et effectué la vérification normative d'un assemblage acier structurel selon l'Eurocode (EN).</p>\n<h2>8 Vidéos explicatives</h2>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n4cc4725b_0cc0_015b_7b31_0b40a41247e6\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n407784a4_09f9_014a_8511_6bff5d59addc\"></object>\n<p>Pour plus d'informations, consultez le <a data-item-id=\"d4aa2923-a94a-4c40-8fd8-93608acbf893\" href=\"\">Contexte théorique</a>.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"b5fe31fa_3c05_01fc_ffb9_1f5fff9437e2\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"campus_cta\"></object>"
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"value": "<h2>Introduction à la méthode CBFEM</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#general-introduction\">Introduction générale au calcul structurel des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Steel-connection-material-model\">Modèle de matériau pour les assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Plate-model-and-mesh-convergence\">Modèle de plaque et convergence du maillage</a><br><a href=\"#Contacts-between-steel-connection-plates\">Contacts entre les plaques d'assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Welded connections analysis\">Analyse des assemblages soudés</a><br><a href=\"#Bolts and preloaded bolts connections\">Assemblages par boulons et boulons précontraints</a><br><a href=\"#Anchor_bolts\">Boulons d'ancrage</a><br><a href=\"#Structural model of a concrete block\">Modèle structurel d'un bloc en béton</a></p>\n<h2>Modèle d'analyse de IDEA StatiCa</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#Steel joint analysis model\">Modèle d'analyse d'un assemblage acier</a><br><a href=\"#Node equilibrium in the 3D FEM model\">Équilibre du nœud dans le modèle EF 3D</a><a href=\"#Equilibrium_in_node\"><br></a><a href=\"#Internal forces in the steel connections\">Efforts internes dans les assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Strength analysis of steel joints\">Analyse de résistance des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Stiffness analysis and deformation capacity of steel joints\">Analyse de rigidité et capacité de déformation des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Steel connection capacity design\">Calcul en capacité des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Steel connection design resistance\">Résistance de calcul des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Steel joint buckling analysis\">Analyse de flambement des assemblages acier</a><br><a href=\"#Analysis convergence of complex steel connection models\">Convergence de l'analyse des modèles d'assemblages acier complexes</a><br><a href=\"#Steel-to-timber connections\">Assemblages acier-bois</a><br><a href=\"#Thin-walled steel members\">Éléments en acier à paroi mince</a><br><a href=\"#Lateral-torsional restraint in structural design\">Retenue au déversement dans le calcul structurel</a><br><a href=\"#Steel joints of hollow section cross-section members\">Assemblages acier d'éléments à section creuse</a><br><a href=\"#Fatigue_analysis_type_in_structural_design\">Type d'analyse de fatigue dans le calcul structurel</a><br><a href=\"#Fire-design\">Calcul au feu</a><br><a href=\"#Weld-sizing\">Dimensionnement des soudures</a></p>\n<h2>Spécifications pour les codes nationaux</h2>\n<p><a data-item-id=\"13cc5bee-7ec7-422b-8dbe-8a57ef0073a9\" href=\"\">Vérification des composants selon EN (Eurocode)</a><br><a data-item-id=\"39660a09-9d6b-596f-acab-dbef59ebd019\" href=\"\">Vérification des composants selon AISC (normes américaines)</a><br><a data-item-id=\"ccb0dd69-3047-537c-9214-82c29d42a56a\" href=\"\">Vérification des composants selon CISC (normes canadiennes)</a><br><a data-item-id=\"93b8c5be-e359-5cf8-a004-7b0ebf0553e7\" href=\"\">Vérification des composants 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}Longueur de soudure
Si vous avez besoin de connaître la longueur exacte d'une soudure, accédez à l'onglet Vérification une fois le calcul effectué. La longueur de la soudure est liée à la ligne centrale du tube.
Vous pouvez également retrouver toutes les tailles et longueurs de soudures dans le Rapport, sous la Nomenclature (BOM).
